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                <text>Transformative Governance: Utilizing Social Media Dynamics to Improve Public Service Implementation in the Digital Age in Indonesia</text>
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                <text>The widespread use of social media has fundamentally changed the way people communicate, collaborate,&#13;
and interact and led to significant shifts in the social structure and contemporary cultural order. This study&#13;
aims to analyze the role of social media in revolutionizing the implementation of public services in the digital&#13;
era. The method used is a qualitative approach by utilizing Google Collab and Nvivo’s analysis tools. Key&#13;
findings show that internet use is dominated by adolescents and adults, which accelerates the adoption of&#13;
public services through social media, mainly due to the high level of technological literacy among users. The&#13;
results of this study contribute to the literature by emphasizing the role of social media as an effective tool&#13;
to overcome the limitations of conventional communication in public services. The practical implications of&#13;
this study show the potential for improving public service standards at the international level through the&#13;
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                <text>Te situation caused by the Covid-19 global crisis has led universities to make&#13;
abrupt and immediate changes to continue training their students virtually&#13;
(Bao, 2020). Universities have had to urgently adapt their strategies to respond&#13;
to the crisis since the beginning of the epidemic to carry on with their daily&#13;
tasks efciently (Ali, 2020; Kieu et al., 2020). Time, however, was against the&#13;
stakeholders as they had to plan to immediately adjust their teaching style and</text>
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                <text>Two-way communication&#13;
on bank websites in Ghana:&#13;
A data triangulation approach</text>
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                <text>The objective of the study was to assess how banks adopt a two-way communication approach in communicating with their customers. It further examined the difference that exists between the websites of locally and&#13;
foreign owned banks operating in Ghana with respect to their dialogic potentials. The study employed both&#13;
quantitative and qualitative approaches. Data was obtained from the contents of the websites as well as from&#13;
customers of the banks considered. A two-sample t-test was used to test the hypotheses. The results show&#13;
that all the banks incorporate ease of interface, usefulness of information and conservation of visitors’ features&#13;
in their websites. Again, the results show that significant differences exist between locally-owned banks and&#13;
foreign-owned banks with regards to user perceptions of the conservation of visitors’ principles on bank websites. The findings are that user perceptions must be taken into consideration in the development of websites. Firms should avoid the temptation of blindly imitating other websites without considering the input&#13;
of specific users and other stakeholders. The novelty of the research stems from the data triangulation&#13;
approach used.</text>
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                <text>https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0266666915605556</text>
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                <text>Evaluating hotel websites as a&#13;
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                <text>Abstract&#13;
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in Ghana. The results of the study show that hotels in Ghana are adequately utilising websites as a marketing&#13;
communication tool. The findings further show a preponderant use of the principle of conservation of visitors&#13;
and the dialogic loop principle by the sampled hotel websites. However, the majority of the sampled websites&#13;
performed rather poorly on the return visit principle. The research contributes to the scarce literature on&#13;
hospitality management in an emerging economy context.</text>
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                <text>https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0266666915570506</text>
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                <text>Factors Influencing Students’ Choice of a Federal University: ACase Study of a Nigerian Federal University</text>
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                <text>The factors affecting students’ choice of higher education is essential for the university’s&#13;
management. Various research across the world has been carried out to understand how students&#13;
select their preferred universities for tertiary study; however, there is a shortage of insight from&#13;
an African perspective. Specifically focusing on a federal university in Nigeria, this study aims&#13;
to explore factors influencing students’ interest in the school and why they selected it as their&#13;
study location. A structured questionnaire from 282 undergraduate students based on stratified&#13;
random sampling was used to understand these choice factors. The study found that personal&#13;
interest greatly influenced students’ decisions, followed by parental influence, university&#13;
reputation, university ranking, and fees. The results provide an understanding of students’&#13;
choices for universities in a Nigerian context, which is a loose representation of the general&#13;
influences of students’ choice for study sites on the continent. This would enable stakeholders&#13;
working in the Nigerian education sector including academics, administrators and practitioners&#13;
and international collaborators to understand the most effective ways to reach out to prospective&#13;
students and draw useful lessons for universities' marketing strategies, which could be&#13;
recommended not only in Nigeria but in Africa at larg</text>
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                <text>https://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/26161/7/26161%20MOGAJI_Factors_Influencing_Students_Choice_Of_A_Federal_University_%28AAM%29_2019.pdf</text>
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                <text>Marketing Practices of Rural Micro and Small Businesses in Ghana: The Role of Public Policy</text>
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                <text>Using social identity theory and social capital theory as a backdrop to understand the context of subsistence marketplaces, this&#13;
study investigates how rural micro and small businesses engage in marketing practices and how poverty reduction policies affect&#13;
micro and small business activities and growth. The results show that rural micro and small businesses weave morality and&#13;
religiosity into their commercial activities and survive in a competitive subsistence marketplace by engaging with social networks,&#13;
relationships with customers, and relationships with staff. The interdependence among these relationships contributes to the&#13;
competitive positioning of the business and its intelligence gathering. Despite the existence of government programs to fund&#13;
micro and small business startups, most owner-managers use social networks to initially fund and grow their businesses. The&#13;
paper ends with implications and future research directions.</text>
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                <text>https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0276146717741067</text>
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                <text>Role of Culture in Developing Transformative Leadership for Higher Education in Emerging Economies</text>
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                <text>Organizations are bound together with a glue which is known as culture.&#13;
Higher education institutions such as colleges and universities, just like any&#13;
other organizations, have to efectively communicate their culture in terms of&#13;
their mission, vision, and purpose in an ever-changing world (Vasudeva &amp;&#13;
Mogaji, 2020). During the COVID-19 pandemic, higher education institutions have been confronted with keeping their culture intact and remaining&#13;
relevant to the students and the workforce (leadership, instructors, researchers, administrators, and the support staf) while they work from home. Te&#13;
pandemic has afected higher education institutions severely as attracting and&#13;
enrolling new students has become more difcult in this fnancially unstable&#13;
time, as has engaging existing students who do not have the resources to connect virtually (McCarthy, 2020; Moody’s, 2020). Such challenges faced by&#13;
higher education institutes are heightened in developing economies as they&#13;
have been under the stress of poor infrastructure, governmental support&#13;
(Olaleye et al., 2020), and lower literacy rates. Learners are socially disadvantaged with minimal access to technology, thereby impacting their ability to&#13;
engage with the online learning environment (Zhong, 2020).</text>
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                <text>https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Varsha-Jain-6/publication/358600114_Role_of_Culture_in_Developing_Transformative_Leadership_for_Higher_Education_in_Emerging_Economies/links/64a7acfcb9ed6874a501cd5e/Role-of-Culture-in-Developing-Transformative-Leadership-for-Higher-Education-in-Emerging-Economies.pdf#page=249</text>
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                <text>Universities’ Endowments in Developing&#13;
Countries: The Perspectives, Stakeholders&#13;
and Practical Implications</text>
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                <text>An endowment is a collection of assets invested to generate revenue for a nonproft organisation or to support specifed activities (Stepanova et al., 2020).&#13;
It has become common for higher education institutions, such as colleges and&#13;
universities, to rely on permanently invested funds to yield income for current&#13;
expenses.&#13;
Endowments originated in England in the ffteenth and sixteenth centuries, and they have supported colleges and universities for over three centuries&#13;
(Kimball &amp; Johnson, 2012). Te development of endowments can be traced&#13;
back to the United States (US), and the longest record of investment belongs&#13;
to Harvard College (Histphil, 2017). Harvard College is the undergraduate&#13;
college of Harvard University</text>
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                <text>https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Varsha-Jain-6/publication/358605717_Reimagining_Educational_Futures_in_Developing_Countries_An_Introduction/links/64a7acb195bbbe0c6e1c177e/Reimagining-Educational-Futures-in-Developing-Countries-An-Introduction.pdf#page=266</text>
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                <text>Emergency Remote Instruction (ERI) in Times of COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences of Educators at Zimbabwean Higher Education Institutions&#13;
</text>
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                <text>Robert Ebo Hinson</text>
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                <text>As part of COVID-19 containment measures, the World Health Organization&#13;
(WHO) declared the rapidly spreading disease to be a pandemic on 11 March&#13;
2020, (WHO, 2020), leading to most countries in Africa declaring a state of&#13;
emergency. Zimbabwe, in particular, declared a state of emergency on 17&#13;
March 2020 and resultantly, higher education and tertiary institutions were&#13;
to close operation by 24 March 2020. Universities, college campuses, and&#13;
higher education institutions cancelled classes and closed their doors following government directives that aimed to contain the COVID-19 pandemic&#13;
(Hodge, 2020). Furthermore, a number of universities worldwide shifted to&#13;
online virtual learning, cancelled the spring break period, and advised international students to return to their home countries. While everyone has been&#13;
afected by COVID-19, research and experience have shown that of all the&#13;
sectors of society, including the education sector, particularly at the tertiary&#13;
level, appear to have been most greatly afected and, therefore, require a more&#13;
pragmatic approach to resolution (Anifowoshe et al., 2020).&#13;
</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Faculty of IT Business</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
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                <text>Discursive Construction of Higher Education Institutional Academic Identities in Nigeria</text>
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                <text>Robert Ebo Hinson</text>
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                <text>There is an increase in brand marketing on the websites of universities in a bid to present the kind of identities that will best promote them. This study examines the identities universities project to market their brands within the context of consumer culture of the contemporary higher educational setting. Data for the study were obtained from the websites of 24 public and private universities in Nigeria and were analysed based on Fairclough’s (2015) dialectical relational theory and Roper and Parker’s (2006) insights on branding. The findings reveal seven kinds of identity: professional, national, transnational, humanist, Afrocentric, ethnic and religious. These identities range from the ideal to narrow-interest ones. The study concludes that identity construction in any university should aim primarily at advancing knowledge and producing total graduates who would be able to adapt and survive in any part of the world and contribute meaningfully to societal development.</text>
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