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                <text>Exploring the Impact of Urbanization on Renewable and Fossil Fuel Use in Developing Economies</text>
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                <text>Isaiah Sikayena, Eric Abokyi, Felix Ofosu Boateng, Kwadwo Ankomah</text>
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                <text>Urbanization and industrialization are twin forces with the potential to bring about significant economic and social progress. However, if not managed properly, they can lead to environmental degradation due to the escalated consumption of fossil fuels. This study examines the impacts of urbanization and industrialization on fossil fuel consumption, as well as on the consumption of renewable energy. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Canonical Cointegrating Regression (CCR) estimation procedures were used. The study found an inverted U-shape relationship between urbanization and renewable energy consumption, while an increasing monotone relationship was found for urbanization and fossil fuel consumption. The Lind and Mehlum test provided sufficient conditions for the existence of an inverted U shape between urbanization and renewable energy consumption, and the turning point was obtained for policy purposes. Another key finding from the study revealed that in Ghana, the use of fossil fuels is a key driver of industrialization, rather than renewable energy sources. Additionally, the results of the generalized forecast error variance decomposition (GFEVD) provided interesting insights. The policy implications of these findings have been thoroughly discussed.</text>
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                <text>Review of literature on coherence and cohesion in text quality among ESL students</text>
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                <text>Ivy Jones-Mensah, Michael Owusu Tabiri</text>
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                <text>Coherence in written text is a complex concept; it involves a multitude of readers and text-based features. Thus, in language acquisition, testing and discourse competence requires communicative competence. The objective of this article is to explore coherence and cohesion in academic writing, with a particular emphasis on the use of cohesive devices, especially among ESL students. Thus, the emphasis is on the levels of skills relevant for using cohesive devices and the skills needed for using the devices in creating consistency in the text. Therefore, the article reviews current literature on coherence, defines coherence and cohesion in broad terms, and presents a three-lesson revision unit based on modern coherence principles. Conclusions are drawn about the success of this revision technique and the necessity for providing sequential exercises to improve communicative competence among ESL students. Finally, the relationship between the terms revealed that these are the connection and organisation of ideas in the sentences of the text to create a sense of unity between the topics discussed in the</text>
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                <text>GlobELT &amp; GLOBETS</text>
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                <text>Activity-Based Teaching and Learning Approach and Students’ Academic Performance: Evidence from Among Stakeholders from Barekese District Ashanti Region of Ghana</text>
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                <text>In this study, the authors explored the level of awareness and views on the activity-based approach to teaching and learning (ABTLA) in enhancing skills, competency, and academic performance among students and other stakeholders from Senior High Schools (SHS) and Colleges of Education (COE) in Barekese District of Ashanti Region of Ghana. A survey involving 510 various stakeholders was conducted within the Barekese District of Ashanti Region of Ghana, using sets of a self-administered structured questionnaire. The study revealed that the Ghanaian stakeholders of the second cycle and COEs are highly aware of ABTLA and its potency for enhancing skills, competency, and academic performance among students. Policy implications and further future research directions were provided.</text>
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                <text>K Fenyi, I Jones-Mensah, MO Tabiri, E Owusu</text>
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                <text>Cultural Adherence, Personal Financial Behaviour and Investment Decision Making</text>
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                <text>K Ankomah</text>
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                <text>The complexities of the global financial market have made investment decisions very critical in this fast-paced global world. As a result of these complexities, investment decisions are always affected by psychological and behavioural biases. These biases tend to affect the prices and performance of financial securities being offered for sale on the market. This study aims to investigate the mediating role of personal financial behaviour on the relationship between culture and investment decision-making. A quantitative approach was used for the study, and a systematic sampling technique was used to gather cross-sectional data from 476 respondents. The data was analysed using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) technique by using SmartPLS 3 software. The analysis of the SEM proved that culture has a significant and positive impact on personal financial behaviour. It also revealed that personal financial behaviour has a positive and significant influence on investment decision-making. However, on the mediation role of personal financial behaviour on the relationship between culture and investment decision-making, only risk tolerance was found to be significant. With the exception of income, all the demographic factors which were used as moderators for the relationship between personal financial behaviour and investment decision-making were insignificant. According to the study, culture can mediate the relationship between personal financial behaviour and investment decision-making. The study recommended that government considers the individual investor’s cultural lineage when coming out with investment policies.</text>
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                <text>Teaching reported speech through communicative language teaching and principled eclecticism approaches: the case of Ghana technology university college</text>
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                <text>Michael Owusu Tabiri</text>
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                <text>This research work sought to assess a practical innovative way of teaching and learning English language at the tertiary institutions, particularly in Ghana. Communicative language teaching together with the principled eclecticism approaches was adopted to teach reported speech in English language. Reported Speech was selected as a sample topic because it has been found to be one of the most difficult topics for Anglophone and Francophone students. It was uncovered through this work that acquisition of language skills together with communication is concomitant of social interaction. It was found that the common fault with inexperienced students is to confuse past and present tenses. Three systematic communicative language teaching approaches were employed as panacea for rampant consistent/continuous errors in observance of the sequence of tenses in reported speech in English language. Learners were assessed at the end of three months teaching and learning by reporting a concession statement of Nana Akufo Addo in 2012 to ascertain their mastery of indirect speech. The results revealed that through constant systematic pedagogical measures, learning difficulties are drastically surmountable. Finally, it was discovered pedagogically that adopting suitable method in teaching and learning a language is the panacea for numerous learning difficulties.</text>
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                <text>Capital structure and its impact on firm performance is a key issue in finance, and there are a number of theories and empirical papers that explain this relationship. Using secondary data from listed companies that have traded on the Ghana Stock Exchange (GSE) from 2016 to 2020, the study specifically examines the effect of short-term debt, long-term debt, and total debts on the operational efficiency of listed non-financial companies in Ghana. The study shows that a firm's return on assets decreases as its amount of debt accumulation rises. Also, some firm-specific variables have small but significant impacts on enterprises' profitability. The study recommends that, to ensure that there is adequate cash available for the company's ongoing operations, corporate finance managers should ensure working capital is managed properly and responsibly. Also, in the extreme case where a short-term borrower facility is unavoidably required and must be acquired, the study advises administrators to make sure that the total amount of short-term obligations taken on as a percentage of the capital structure is less than the sum of non-current liabilities and equity in total assets.</text>
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                <text>Exploring the Factors Influencing Investment Decision of Workers of Ghana Ports and Harbour Authority, Takoradi</text>
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                <text>This research explored the factors which influence investment decision of workers of Ghana Ports and Harbour Authority, Takoradi using a quantitative research approach, with descriptive survey as the design. The population of study comprised both permanent and contract staff of the organization. A total of 254 employees were selected using random sample method, with 61.4% response rate and a set of questionnaire as the research instrument. Frequencies and percentages were relied upon for analyzing the obtained data. The study revealed that investment sales agents, TV/Newspapers, family members’ referrals, social media as well as the Books/Magazine were the main sources of investment information to workers of GPHA. Again, insurance policy is the commonest investment product workers relied upon. Also, safety, risk and returns, liquidity, and diversification factors were the main factors influencing investment decision of workers of GPHA. It is recommended that the Central Bank of Ghana should develop clear measures to protect the premium of investors. Again, the Management of GPHA should periodically organize sensitization and public education programs for its employees on investment decisions in order to increase the level of knowledge of staff members of organization in terms of investment.</text>
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                <text>Challenges of online learning of English/French language in higher education in Ghana.</text>
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                <text>This study investigated the challenges that learners of English and French encountered during their participation in online language learning in a university in Ghana. The study adopted a quantitative survey approach by administering online questionnaire to undergraduate students at the university and analysing the data using descriptive statistics.150 students participated in the study. The results indicate that majority of the students generally feel that online language learning is bedeviled with a lot of challenges, notably technology availability, accessibility, and affordability, as well as the lack of capacity on the part of language instructors to effectively deliver in their online teaching activities. The study further discusses students' opinions and experiences with the objective of determining the prospects of online language learning within the Ghanaian tertiary education context. Based on the findings, some pragmatic pedagogical measures like migrating teaching and</text>
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                <text>Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies. Hacettepe Universitesi, Egitim Fakultesi B Blok, Yabanci Diller Egitimi Bolumu, Ingiliz Dili Egitimi Anabilim Dali, Ankara 06800, Turkey</text>
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