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                <text>Thermal treatment processes such as roasting and drying are very energy intensive&#13;
and considering the ever-increasing cost of energy, there is the need for continuous process&#13;
improvement in order to reduce operational cost, while maintaining or improving the quality of the&#13;
end cocoa products. This work describes the design and simulation of an automated control system&#13;
(ACS) based on a PID controller algorithm for the control of the thermal treatment of cocoa beans in&#13;
a conveyor belt dryer. The thermal treatment processes is modelled as a continuous, spatially&#13;
distributed single input single output system (SISO), where the control variable is the temperature of&#13;
the inlet drying air and the controlled variable, the product temperature in the drying chamber.&#13;
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Keywords: PID controller; heat treatment; cocoa; automated control; control strategy;&#13;
mathematical modeling</text>
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                <text>Brands are important for both consumers and frms. While strong brands&#13;
bring fnancial benefts to frms and help them diferentiate themselves&#13;
from competing products, it also gives assurance to consumers and helps&#13;
assuage the tension involved in making a purchase decision (Keller, 2001).&#13;
Brands are also essential for the success of service frms (Berry, 2000).&#13;
However, service branding is complicated due to its intangibility (Berry, </text>
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                <text>Â The study seeks to investigate Ghanaian bank customersâ€™ ranked preference for corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives and determine which initiative has the greatest effect on attitude and behaviour toward banks. A sample of 384 retail bank customers is employed in the study. Applying a one-way MANOVA and two uni-variate ANOVAs, the study finds that customers have the highest preference for corporate philanthropy initiatives, followed by customer-centric and community volunteering initiatives. Additionally, the overall effects of CSR initiatives on customersâ€™ attitude and behavioural intentions toward bank brands are found to be significant. More specifically, the study finds, using a ScheffÃ© post-hoc test, that corporate philanthropy initiative have the greatest effect on both attitude and behavioural intentions towards bank brands. Based on the findings, the study recommends that the best type of CSR initiative that retail banks should apply to stimulate customersâ€™ attitude and behaviour towards their brands in Ghana is corporate philanthropy initiatives.</text>
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                <text>https://ajobe.journals.ac.za/pub/article/view/107</text>
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                <text>Banking and the illiterates miscellany in west Africa: a fuzzy importance-satisfaction approach</text>
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                <text>Michael Owusu Akomeah, Kong Yu Sheng, Xuhua Hu, Stephen Owusu Afriyie</text>
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                <text>This study examines the miscellany of illiterate banker‟ s choice of bank using Fuzzy Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) and multiple regression analysis. The authors deployed inductive reasoning to identify dimensions and items to measure the view of the respondents. Additionally, the authors used a purposive sampling technique to select 3434 homogenous banking customers from five different West African Countries as a sample. A Fuzzy Importance-Performance Analysis was used to publicize the degree of importance and satisfaction of illiterate bank customers with their chosen bank. The findings ensure banks in West Africa have a new strategy to market to a specific niche.</text>
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                <text>Banking efficiency in emerging economies: Does foreign banks entry matter in the Ghanaian context?</text>
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                <text>Daniel Ofori‐Sasu, Lord Mensah, John Kwame Akuma, Isaac Doku</text>
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                <text>This study empirically examines the effect of foreign banks entry on banking efficiency scores, using the truncated regression data envelopment analysis model for 25s banks in Ghana, over a 6‐year period (2010–2015). We decompose the efficiency scores into three (technical, cost, and allocative efficiency), and the results indicate that banks in Ghana are marginally inefficient in operating closer to their optimal capacity. The findings show that the input‐oriented model slacks are needed to push an inefficient bank closer to where an efficient bank is positioned. From the results, an immediate and a short‐term entry of foreign banks have a consistent negative relationship with both technical‐ and cost‐efficiency scores whereas long‐term entry of foreign banks shows an inconsistent relationship with the three banking efficiency scores. Thus, the drive towards a positive impact of foreign banks entry on the three …</text>
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