308 10 3132 https://repository.gctu.edu.gh/files/original/6ef9032c8b64ed03678bb997a7b9f8a6.pdf d708aabee6ef3dd1a92b9421cbd78787 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource MSc Management Information Systems Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Evaluating The Internal Threats of an Organisation’s Information Security: A Case Study Of Xpress Gas Limited Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Eric Kwesi Parden Description An account of the resource Information is of essence in today’s information age with ubiquity. Control systems are pivotal in any organisation with the quest to grow. Taking into account the numerous cases that have occasioned as a result of the poor control measures put in place to check the system. Advancement in information technologies such as the Internet has called for organisations to protect their information to ensure its confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Information security of every organisation is of essence especially an organisation to remain competitive. Organisations know the value information has regarding the reputation of the entity which can lead to loss of client’s confidence, financial loss, goodwill and trust, loss of potential sales and legal issues. The researcher used both the random sampling and purposive sampling techniques to select the study subjects. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the internal threats within an organisation’s information security; the case of Xpress Gas Ltd. The researcher uses purposive sampling technique because only staff members who directly connect to the logistics side of the information system. The researcher adopts this technique in order to acquire the relevant information. The study population are those employees who are directly dealing with the logistics aspects of the Company constituting the sample size of 200. Data collated from respondents is analyse using a Statistical Package for Social Science version 20 and Microsoft Excel is employ in analysing the data and present the data in table form using Microsoft Word. The findings showed that there are internal threats within Xpress Gas Ltd as majority of the respondents 84.5% threats found within Xpress Gas Ltd are more of internal threats related such as human error or failure, deliberate acts of information extortion, deliberate acts of espionage or trespass, deliberate acts of sabotage or vandalism, deliberate acts of theft, and deliberate software attacks. Subject The topic of the resource Msc. Management Information Systems Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Ghana Technology University College Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource May 2017 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Dr. Stephen Asunka https://repository.gctu.edu.gh/files/original/f9f7870a2a52439e30f690dba14e7084.pdf f0e1376f57895e3c553b343a7c7b23a2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource MSc Management Information Systems Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource An Assessment of the Extent of Vulnerabilities in Social Media Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Vera Azonim Erhabor Description An account of the resource Social media has gained grounds in recent times becoming an integral part of human lives enabling communication, friendships, and opinions. The paradigm shift has brought about risk and threats especially to those cyber criminals who want to capitalize on the unwariness or ignorance of the users and to exploit the vulnerabilities identified. This study sought to assess the vulnerabilities in social media with regards to the possible strategies to mitigate the threats. The perception is that users of these social media believe that they have internet security suite install to safeguard their devices against threats including social engineering threats. The study employed the qualitative research design i.e. gleaning through reports and literature and the questionnaires approach through interview to evaluate the vulnerabilities that come with the use of social media. The study area consisted of users of the social media platforms such as Facebook, WhatsApp, Instagram, Twitter etc. in the central business district of Accra. A study size of 120 social media users was drawn. The research used both the random sampling and purposive sampling techniques to select the study subjects. The results show that 64% of the users surveyed are between 20 to 40 years. From the results, majority of the respondents representing 46.7% use Facebook. Majority of the respondents representing 76% said they are secured and protected using social media little do they know they are not protected in anyway. It is also recommended that advances technologies be used in the blockage of social media at work places. Monitoring is also keen and is recommended in order to curb the rate of usage of social media. The recommendation is that awareness creation and training of staff members on the vulnerabilities or threats on social media. The theories employed in this study, is the Personal Behavior Theory that explains users’ Personal traits and their attitudes on social media. Subject The topic of the resource Msc Management Information Systems Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September, 2017 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Dr. Ezer Osei Yeboah-Boateng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Ghana Technology University College https://repository.gctu.edu.gh/files/original/21eae1401d7c18394c63b1bd87aef360.pdf 3e84c00c692ae1c53080f32cd26ce6f4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource MSc Management Information Systems Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Critical Analysis of Information Security Systems in the Banking Industry in Ghana: A case study of GN Bank Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Emmanuel Kobla Nornyibey Description An account of the resource The study focuses on GN Bank as a case study – analyzing the information systems and network infrastructure of the bank. This study analyses the term “information security” and its application in industry particularly the banking industry. Various benefits offered by Information security to the banking industry and challenges encountered are all analyzed in this paper. Issues relating to information security are discussed generally. The key functions of this study are directed at assessing vulnerabilities in GN Bank’s information systems and infrastructure; and to explore what investments are made in technical personnel, end users and infrastructure. The study adopts a qualitative approach to exploring information security as far as GN Bank information systems are concerned. In order to determine the security posture of GN Bank and make recommendations where applicable, a penetration test is conducted over the bank’s network infrastructure, findings are made and discussed. An interview with the Information security department is also conducted and a summary of the results presented.One key recommendation in this paper is that information security being a business related issue requires much consideration and allocation of sufficient budget not only for acquiring systems but for training technical persons and end users. Subject The topic of the resource MSc. in Management Information Systems Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Ghana Technology University College Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource MAY 2018 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Dr. Ebenezer Malcalm https://repository.gctu.edu.gh/files/original/0e5e074451ee7514a2fe0d174d5099ff.pdf def9bca12917ae3ae29d4b050c9b5a43 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource MSc Management Information Systems Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource “Implications of Cloud Computing On Non-Governmental Organizations” “…Issues Of Data Sharing And Security”. . Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bakaweri Batowise Emmanuel Subject The topic of the resource MSc. Management Information Systems Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Ghana Technology University College Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource May 2017 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Dr. Ezer Osie Yeboah-Boateng Description An account of the resource Non-governmental organizations operating within the Ghanaian community continue to play a pivotal role in addressing the disparity between rural and urban areas. The activities of these organizations are multifaceted and seen in the various projects or programs that they undertake. Globally the use of information technology tools and applications presents various added benefits to any organization that choose to apply and effectively utilize these tools. At a time when the global call for open data and collaboration between such organizations is highest, NGOs continue to deploy high capital expensive IT infrastructures to meet this purpose as well as the technological needs of their organizations. In addition to these high setup costs, organizations constantly have to monitor, repair and guard these computing systems from security and data breeches. Today cloud computing has been hyped as a feature technology that is being adopted by SMEs and larger corporate organizations as a major enabler of business functions. Although this new paradigm is considered to be in its developmental stages, the recorded benefits have invariable challenged the traditional aspects of computing services among enterprises. This study seeks to encourage the adoption and utilization of cloud technologies for business operations and data sharing among NGOs. More specifically, the study sought to investigate the levels of adoption and utilization of cloud services among various NGOs, benefits and risks that implementers of this technology are likely to encounter in its implementation as well as industry’s practices for mitigating these risks. The results of the study showed that although most individuals alluded to being familiar with the concept of cloud computing, the levels of adoption and utilization of the technology among the larger NGO community was found to be low. From perusal of literary sources, it was also established that cloud adopters spend less on IT architectures that suit their business needs through rapid and easy provisioning of these service, flexibility in scaling up or down IT resources, disaster recovery, data security as well as increased productivity through collaboration. Cloud computing’s risks pertinent to data security, confidentiality, availability; service level agreements, segregation and reliability were also recognized. In conclusion, the study recommends further sensitization and education about cloud computing’s benefits to encourage its adoption and use by NGOs. Likely adopters of this technology are also advised to ensure the development of good holistic service level agreements to prevent legal issues that may arise from implementing cloud and for a smooth cloud experience. https://repository.gctu.edu.gh/files/original/9d6d027d9193ff1bcaa362a402fb5d46.pdf 0d23b817e0fe39fcad1e2186d019ebf5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource MSc Management Information Systems Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Analysis of Security Issues In Electronic Payment Systems in Ghana Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ellis Senyo Cudjoe Dzakpasu Description An account of the resource The patronage of e-payment systems has significantly increased over the years. In some parts of the world, it has become the most preferred medium of payment. As at 2015, seven out of eight transactions were done electronically in Europe (BUONAGUIDI, 2017). E-payment systems have become essential over time and has necessitated the development of stringent controls to ensure that they are safe to use. Due to the several types of e-payment systems (mobile money, card payment, ACH1) being used in Ghana, the research was narrowed down to card payments give focus to the research in order to make relevant analysis. To make a significant argument on the subject matter, this research employed the use of questionnaires and interviews. Questionnaires were developed for users or consumers of e-payment systems whiles interviews were developed for e-payment vendors (bank). Forty people responded to the research and gave their views on the subject matter whiles five banks represented the banking/vendor space. The inclusion of both card users and vendors in the research gave a 360 analysis of the card payment system. Consumer and producer views were obtained and analyzed provide a holistic view. The results of the research showed that 80% of banks in Ghana were not certified in card payment security(PCIDSS2). This means that although majority of banks are issuing out cards and card payment systems (POS and web acquirers), there is no proof that they(banks) have a secured infrastructure to support card payment systems. The results also showed that only 53% of users practice acceptable ways of using cards. In conclusion this research showed that although some users are aware of basic card security, there is still a lot of work to be done by card payment vendors (banks) to ensure the security of card payment systems in Ghana. The requirements of this certification(PCIDSS) are stringent and will ensure that the accompanying risk of being a provider of card payment systems are mitigated appropriately. Subject The topic of the resource MSc Management Information System Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Ghana Technology University College Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource January, 2018 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Isaac Hanson https://repository.gctu.edu.gh/files/original/2604f4a7527a929c4aa56df128d0dc69.pdf 56f300ee6e23e014ee216b94ce65761e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource MSc Management Information Systems Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Evaluating the Effect of Technology on Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) In Ghana: Case Study of SMEs in the Accra Metropolis Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Edwin Nii Mensah Abordo Description An account of the resource Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial role in building the economies of developing and developed countries. In Ghana, about 90% of businesses are SMEs and contribute immensely in the generation of employment, income and economic growth. Due to its tremendous contributions, it becomes necessary to identify the various factors that improve the business operations of such enterprises. One of such identified drivers is technology. Hence, the study is to evaluate the effect of technology on SMEs in the Accra Metropolis. This study is to: assess the present state of technology adoption in SMEs; evaluate the effects of technology in the growth of SMEs and to critically analyze the challenges SMEs encounter in using technology. The descriptive survey research design was adopted for this study. Also, the mixed method research approach was used to provide width and depth to the study. In all, fifty-four (73%) questionnaires were successfully received and four interviews were conducted. The qualitative data were analyzed using explanation-building, pattern matching and content analysis while SPSS and Microsoft Excel were used to analyze the quantitative data. The analyzed results were presented in descriptive and graphical representations like charts, tables and percentages. The study found out that smart phones, desktop computers, laptops and mobile money platforms were the most patronized forms of technology used by SMEs. It also revealed that technology was very beneficial in reducing the cost of business transactions, improving business communications and increasing productivity. However, the study identifies that cost of software and equipment as well as unavailability of ICT experts were major challenges that SMEs encountered in adopting technology. Based on the findings, the researcher recommended that flexible loans be provided to SMEs to encourage them purchase the necessary technologies for their businesses. Also, NBSSI in collaboration with NGOs could organize trainings to help operators acquire basic ICT skills and also to increase the awareness of the benefits of using technology. Subject The topic of the resource MSc. Management Information System Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Ghana Technology University Library Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource January 2018 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Ing. Isaac Hanson https://repository.gctu.edu.gh/files/original/d59de7ce3f453e7fb5269137c6a13998.pdf fb3b49dbc56cc81b08814c51f97985fb Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource MSc Management Information Systems Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mobile Money Sustainability by Service Providers in Ghana: Challenges and Benefits Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Dennis Nii Adjei Annang Description An account of the resource The study intended to investigate the sustainability of mobile money in Ghana, which is currently making waves in Ghana. The problem addressed in this research was how mobile money systems are sustained amidst challenges and setbacks to the system. The methods employed to solve the problem was a quantitative approach through the use of a descriptive research design, specifically cross-sectional correlational survey design. From the research results, the study revealed that respondents have knowledge on the sustainability of mobile money, and education is key to make the sustainability of mobile money in Ghana a reality. The study also revealed key strategies that are being employed to sustain mobile money and also the practical steps that are in place to make sure the sustainability strategies are realistic. The study further revealed some perceived and real-time challenges that are associated with the sustainability of mobile money in Ghana. An interesting discovery was also made, in terms of Ghana lacking a mobile money sustainability model; thus, three models were developed in this study based on the results and findings obtained at the end of this study. Subject The topic of the resource MSc. Management Information Systems Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Ghana Technology University College Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June, 2016 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Dr. Daniel M. O. Adjin https://repository.gctu.edu.gh/files/original/a788732c4491eca83f72ac283e731255.pdf 8b8a0e1e0aa279074ffd9b2e874842bc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource MSc. Oil & Gas Management Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource An Exploratory Assessment of Indirect Tax Contribution by Oil and Gas Companies in Ghana Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kwarteng Opoku Description An account of the resource In the context of this development, value added tax (VAT) and goods and services tax (GST) rates keep on increasing, the scope of taxes are also expanding at the same time. Governments have put in more effort to increase its revenues so as to reduce deficits, but without endangering the fragile of economic growth or the competitiveness of the local economy. Based on this concept, increasing indirect taxes is deemed to be more suitable, instead of increasing direct taxes like the corporate taxes. In the United States of America for instance, several of the states are extending their scope of their general taxes consumptions. Ghana was among a host of developing countries that experienced fiscal crises in the 1970s and 1980s. These fiscal imbalances led to undesirable impacts on domestic prices, interest rates and balance of payments. The fiscal imbalances also led to differing policy instruments for accelerating growth. There are a number of policy instruments that can be used to accelerate growth. The government of Ghana heavily rely on indirect taxes to boost revenues. For instance, the customs duties and the local excise tax illustrates a much higher percentage of overall tax revenue in the country. Due to the proliferation of the trade agreement and the increasing importance of the oil marketing companies in the country, the consumptions taxes like the VAT and the GST among the oil marketing companies represent a significant portion of government revenue. These challenges do not facilitate an effective tax collection within the sector, hence there is the need for an effective exploratory of indirect tax contribution by these oil and gas companies in Ghana. The researcher opted for the use of the tax payment sheet of these Oil marketing Company and Bulk Distribution Companies. This was however gathered from the Customs Division at the Tema Oil Refinery. The analysis revealed that the respondents were of the view that the tax system was robust in achieving yearly increase in government share of oil revenue, adequate in tax incentives packages necessary for the attraction of foreign direct investments, and sound in terms of international competitiveness. The finding on VAT with one period lag of one suggests some caution on the part of the government to identify all administrative loopholes for leakages to plug and to continue to maximize the contribution of VAT revenue to economic growth. Subject The topic of the resource MBA. Oil & Gas Management Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Ghana Technology University College Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September, 2016 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Mr. Michael Owusu Akomeah https://repository.gctu.edu.gh/files/original/5cecd58be6b6000f9cbed5c69d017f0c.pdf c3eb54a94363d85151b45c76ffdf4a58 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource PhD Dissertations Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Impact of Quality Improvement on Healthcare Delivery in Ghana: A Case Study of National Catholic Health Service Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Isaac Rock Kumah Description An account of the resource Healthcare consumers are becoming more critical with the quality of healthcare they receive. As a result, there are increasing complaints about the poor quality of healthcare received in the public domain. Under-five mortality (U5M) is one of the key indicators in the determination of the quality of health of a nation. The Ministry of Health (MOH) and its agencies have over the years tried to reduce U5M to accelerate Ghana’s efforts to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) 4 by 2015 but with little success. The National Catholic Health Service (NCHS) in collaboration with Institute for Health Improvement (IHI) piloted the model for improvement, a quality improvement (QI) programme in nine catholic hospitals to reduce U5M and infant mortality. The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of the QI programme implemented by the NCHS. A mixed method approach and a cross-sectional design were used. Secondary data on U5M were collected from 2007 and 2015 and analysed. A modified version of Shortell’s QI instrument was administered to a sample of 51 midwives and 48 paediatric nurses from three selected catholic hospitals, namely; Techiman Holy Family, St. Francis Xavier and Our Lady of Grace. Frequencies and cross tabulations were used in the data analysis and presentation of results. Seven core management members from the three selected hospitals and one management staff of the NCHS were interviewed and data analysed using thematic content analysis approach. The results show that, all the nine hospitals made great improvement in U5M when the implementation was at its peak. However, only three out of the nine hospitals were able to sustain the improvements made. Key factors that led to the inability of the hospitals to sustain improvements were identified and they include the organisational culture of the hospitals, management commitment and employee involvement. The findings provided an opportunity to develop a hybrid model which could be adopted by the MOH and its agencies to aid in the successful implementation of QI programmes in healthcare. Subject The topic of the resource Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) In Health Care Management Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Ghana Technology University Library Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March 2017 https://repository.gctu.edu.gh/files/original/8d47f110a7a565895ab09f8addaef5f2.pdf eaa328eeeef7fece7c1de3f0b79e8ad5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource PhD Dissertations Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Influence of Leadership Behaviours and the Mediatory Role of Leader-Follower Collaboration on Performance of State-owned Enterprises. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Theophilus Adomako Description An account of the resource This thesis has explored the meaning and essence through lived experiences and perspectives of four leaders of their leadership behaviours, followership styles, leader-follower collaboration and performance of SOEs in Ghana because there is paucity of empirical support on the understanding of the four phenomena as well as the relationships among them. Therefore, this inquiry was conducted through a sequential exploratory mixed research methods made up of two-phases of data collection and analysis; first, four leaders of SOEs were purposively sampled and through face-to-face semi-structured interviews provided narrations of their perception attached to the four phenomena and the relationships among them. During the second phase of survey strategy, data were assembled from 348 followers of 12 SOEs, where ANOVA, multiple regression analysis and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling were used to examine the determinant and the casual relationships among the phenomena. Whilst the phenomenological results generated five themes: strategic career ambition, middle-of-the road management style, changing attitude of the followers, collaborative environment and result-based management system to describe the perception of the four phenomena by the four leaders of SOEs, the survey strategy quantified the determinant of leadership behaviours, followership styles, leader-follower collaboration and performance of SOEs as well as six out of eight hypotheses explain the influence of leadership behaviours, followership styles and the mediating role of leader-follower collaboration on performance of SOEs in Ghana were supported. This research adds evidence on the understanding of the meaning and essence of the four phenomena as well as causal relationships among them from both perception of the leaders and their followers and the findings have theoretical, managerial and practical contributions and implications. Finally, limitations and recommendations of the study for future research are available. Subject The topic of the resource Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Business Administration Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Ghana Technology University Library Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource July 2017