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                <text>Polyphenols are phytochemicals responsible for the astringency, bitterness, green flavours and antioxidant activities in Theobroma cacao beans. Polyphenols degradation in cocoa beans during roasting is crucial to the flavour outcome and it is influenced by factors such as temperature, time and pod storage. Antioxidants are compounds that help to inhibit oxidation reactions caused by free radicals such as singlet oxygen, superoxide, peroxyl radicals, hydroxyl radicals and peroxynitrite thereby preventing damage to the cells and tissues. Their mechanisms of action include scavenging reactive oxygen and decreasing localised oxygen concentration thereby reducing molecular oxygen’s oxidation potential, metabolising lipid peroxides to non-radical products and chelating metal ions to prevent generation of free radicals in humans. The study aimed at investigating changes in total polyphenols, anthocyanins, o-diphenols and antioxidant activity (free-radical scavenging activities) after roasting of pulp preconditioned and fermented cocoa beans using standard analytical methods. A 4× 4 full factorial design with the principal experimental factors as pod storage time (0, 3, 7 and 10 days) and roasting duration (0, 15, 30 and 45 minutes) at 120 o C were used to study the changes in the total polyphenols, anthocyanins, o-diphenols and% free-radical scavenging activities of the cocoa beans. Variable decrease in total polyphenols, odiphenols and anthocyanins were observed with increase in pre-conditioning (pod storage time) and roasting duration. However, variable trends were observed for the% free-radical scavenging activities. The total …</text>
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                <text>Infrastructures are aging and have become a subject of profound concern, awakening our collective consciousness to the imperatives of civil and structural integrity. This concern, compounded by the unrelenting impact of climate change and the burgeoning demand on transport networks and infrastructures, underscores the critical necessity of preserving infrastructural functionality, safety, and alignment with their original design objectives. In doing so, we strive to mitigate health, financial, societal, and environmental risks that these infrastructures may pose. Presently, the imperative is to maintain a vigilant and continuous watch over these critical assets, employing factual, real-time data to support efficient maintenance strategies.&#13;
&#13;
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&#13;
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                <text>Organizations are bound together with a glue which is known as culture.&#13;
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their mission, vision, and purpose in an ever-changing world (Vasudeva &amp;&#13;
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                <text>Undoubtedly, the competitive business environment arising from current global economic challenges and the rapid technological advancement among other pertinent issues, pose a serious challenge for businesses especially, those within emerging market enclaves. This situation necessitates proactive measures, innovation as well as strategic approaches to change management in a bid to salvage most of these businesses from collapsing. This research aims at examining the role played by strategic change management in emerging markets from the Ghanaian perspective. In view of this, the study reviewed related literature from electronic books, articles and reports on areas such as emerging markets, strategic management and change management practices. Observations from this research include highlights of the significant challenges faced by businesses in emerging markets due to difficulty in obtaining …</text>
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                <text>The challenge of allocating workforce efficiently has long plagued project management, especially in the domain of computer networking. The intrinsic diversity of tasks, rapid technological advancements, and multifaceted skill requirements often culminate in project delays, inflated costs, and operational inefficiencies. Efficiently estimating and allocating the workforce in networking projects to ensure timely completion, minimize costs, and uphold high-quality standards remains a significant challenge in project management. To address this, we present the "Rule of Thumb for Workforce Allocation (ROT4WFA)", a novel methodology specifically designed for networking projects. Grounded in empirical insights and decades of industry experience, ROT4WFA offers a structured approach, providing a clear roadmap for project managers and stakeholders. It directs project managers and stakeholders through the intricacies …</text>
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