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                <text>Saving the planet: An Assessment of green computing practice among tertiary institutions in Ghana</text>
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                <text>This study assesses the current state of adoption and practice of Green Computing among Ghana Tertiary Institutions. The driving force for this investigation includes issues of conducive academic environment and humanity, energy conservation, disposal, and recycling of electronic devices in tertiary institutions. To achieve this, both quantitative and qualitative methods are used to capture data for the findings and analysis. Data were collected from a sample of 200 computer users of faculty members, administrative staffs and students among five selected Universities and Polytechnics Analysis of the study has shed light on the levels of green computing knowledge and practice possessed by computer users. The scenario that emerged from the findings is less than desirable. Given the importance of green computing awareness, knowledge, practice and adoption, it is recommended that academic institutions and government agencies to take the first step in educating the public, regarding the" underlying principles and practice" of green computing. The general impression from the study is that, computer users in the selected schools generally have either low levels of green computing habits and practices or none at all. Also, the institutions have made very little effort to accept the practice in their schools. This is as a result of the facts that, the awareness of Green IT in most institutions and the practices among individuals are not in place; hence a lot of people are ignorant about this new development of technology.</text>
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                <text>Miniaturized monopole planar antennas operating in the VHF/UHF band applied for Digital Video Broadcasting and mobile communication have gained research interest due to their low-profile, compact, and wideband nature. This antenna is capable of penetrating surfaces more easily, faster and can broadcast larger data because it operates in the wideband. The challenge of designing an antenna small enough to be adopted for Digital Video Broadcasting in handheld devices with capabilities of covering the DVB wideband and at the same time omnidirectional, with enough gain, good impedance coefficient which translates into efficiency is the drive of this paper. The proposed antenna in this paper is a rectangular patch with two large slots created in its radiating surface and extension on its edges for wider bandwidth and better matching. It employs a modified ground plane that uses coupling to achieve low return loss. CST microwave studio software was used for the simulation and optimization. The characteristics and simulated results are analyzed before the prototype structure is fabricated on an FR-4 substrate. A monopole planar antenna with total dimensions of 185× 45× 1.6 mm3 with an omnidirectional radiation pattern in the H-plane is fabricated and the results are presented. The antenna has high impedance bandwidth characteristics with operating frequency at-10 dB return loss from 470 MHz to 900 MHz and about 63% bandwidth efficiency. It has a VSWR ratio of less than 2. The significance of the various sections of the antenna together with the simulated and fabricated results is presented. It shows a suitable antenna with a wide …</text>
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                <text>This paper explores the relationship between gross fixed capital formation, financial development, and economic growth in Africa. The study used 39 African countries from 1997 to 2017. The study adopted five financial development indicators. The study employed Augmented Mean Group and Common Correlated Effects Mean Group estimation techniques for the estimations. From the study, Bank Deposit to GDP is statistically significant, it has a negative effect on economic growth, and it shows dual causality, Bank Deposit is inadequate in Africa but significant to economic growth. Broad Money to GDP, Domestic Credit to GDP, and Credit to Private Sector to GDP are all statistically insignificant to growth. They also have negative influence on economic growth. Broad Money shows dual causality with growth while both Domestic Credit, and Credit to Private Sector displays one way causality from economic growth. Gross Domestic Savings to GDP is statistically insignificant and it has a positive bearing on growth, it has one-way causality from growth. Broad Money is very limited in Africa to the extent that, the funds available for domestic transactions are barely enough to have any impact on economic growth. Domestic banks and financial institutions hardly gives credit to private sector and government institutions, due to high risk factor. Gross fixed capital formation has a positive bearing on economic growth. It displays bi-directional causality with economic growth. Financial development does not have a blanket relationship with economic growth, but rather it depends on the type of financial development indicator being used.</text>
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                <text>tudies on seasonal changes in stream structure and its effect on habitat quality, distribution, abundance and biomass of stream fishes in Ghana is limited. Understanding seasonal changes in stream habitat structure and adaptive responses of fish populations is essential for stream protection and conservation of stream ecosystems and their resident fish populations. Seasonal changes in stream structure, physicochemical characteristics and fish community structure were investigated in an urban stream in Sunyani, Ghana. Data was collected monthly from November 2016 to November 2017 at upstream, midstream and downstream sites. High spatial heterogeneity and temporal variability in stream structure affected by the dry and wet seasonal cycles was observed. Twelve species of fish belonging to eight families and ten genera were recorded, with catfishes dominating community biomass. The diet pattern of fish species differentiated the community into herbivore, piscivore and omnivore trophic levels. Herbivores were most abundant and consumed a wide range of plantbased food. Fish habitats disappeared and mortality increased upstream and midstream during the dry season. However, the downstream habitat persisted as a result of the unique morphology which resulted in a relatively deep depth, large canopy cover and presence of water lettuce Pistia stratiotes which minimized water loss. Water quality did not differ significantly across the stream in all seasons. Higher water clarity downstream cooccurred with Pistia proliferation along with elevated fish biomass during the dry season. Stream structure, rather than physicochemical …</text>
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