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                <text>Re-conceptualizing volunteer tourism organizations roles: A host perspective</text>
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                <text>While volunteer tourism organizations (VTOs) remain important intermediaries in the practice of volunteer tourism, questions remain on the role they play in serving the interests of host communities. This paper explores the role(s) of VTOs in a rural volunteer tourism hub in Ghana from a host community perspective using a phenomenological inquiry. An integrated framework of Critical/Institutional Analysis and Development (C/IAD) was used to examine host community experience with VTOs' role. Data was collected through focus group discussion and in-depth interviews with 43 residents of Asebu - Ghana. The study revealed that while VTOs act as facilitators and interpreters of local culture, issues of over-regulation and protectionism isolate guests from the host as well as rob some host of any meaningful socio-economic benefits and interactions.</text>
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                <text>Re-engaging with Europe and the Commonwealth in a Post-Brexit Era</text>
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                <text>n this chapter, the discussion revolves around Africa’s engagement with the new Europe in a post-Brexit era – which, like AfCFTA, also became effective on 1 January 2021. The chapter discusses, on a broader level, Europe–Africa relations in the creative industries. Specific examples are drawn from the Commonwealth Agenda, and the France/German/Dutch relations at both the public and private spheres.</text>
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                <text>Re-engineering Mutual Funds Performance in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from the Ghana Stock Exchange</text>
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                <text>The study presents an examination of mutual funds average returns relative to the benchmark in Ghana using Sharpe and Treynor’s index for a sample of ten Ghanaian Mutual Funds selected on the basis of consecutive data availability during the period of 1st January 2010 to 31st December, 2014. The results revealed that 80% of the Mutual Funds recorded high raw returns with a strong correlation coefficient of+ 0.6089 between the raw returns and total risk. It was also found that the average Sharpe index for all the Mutual Funds was 1.351 outperforming the benchmark index of 0.300 and more so the average Treynor index for all the Mutual Funds was 12.68 beating the benchmark index of 9.59. Moreover 80% of the Mutual Funds were highly diversified with an average adjusted R-square of 59.88%. The analysis concluded that, the money market funds had a superior performance than the balanced and equity funds under all the three performance evaluation techniques.</text>
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                <text>The study presents an examination of mutual funds average returns relative to the benchmark in Ghana using Sharpe and Treynor’s index for a sample of ten Ghanaian Mutual Funds selected on the basis of consecutive data availability during the period of 1st January 2010 to 31st December, 2014. The results revealed that 80% of the Mutual Funds recorded high raw returns with a strong correlation coefficient of +0.6089 between the raw returns and total risk. It was also found that the average Sharpe index for all the Mutual Funds was 1.351 outperforming the benchmark index of 0.300 and more so the average Treynor index for all the Mutual Funds was 12.68 beating the benchmark index of 9.59. Moreover 80% of the Mutual Funds were highly diversified with an average adjusted R-square of 59.88%. The analysis concluded that, the money market funds had a superior performance than the balanced and equity …</text>
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                <text>The study presents an examination of mutual funds average returns relative to the benchmark in Ghana using Sharpe and Treynor’s index for a sample of ten Ghanaian Mutual Funds selected on the basis of consecutive data availability during the period of 1st January 2010 to 31st December, 2014. The results revealed that 80% of the Mutual Funds recorded high raw returns with a strong correlation coefficient of+ 0.6089 between the raw returns and total risk. It was also found that the average Sharpe index for all the Mutual Funds was 1.351 outperforming the benchmark index of 0.300 and more so the average Treynor index for all the Mutual Funds was 12.68 beating the benchmark index of 9.59. Moreover 80% of the Mutual Funds were highly diversified with an average adjusted R-square of 59.88%. The analysis concluded that, the money market funds had a superior performance than the balanced and equity funds under all the three performance evaluation techniques</text>
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