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                <text>Higher education stakeholders have re-strategized to identify the unique competitive causes of comfortability among students’ satisfaction. Student satisfaction has been largely observed in the literature as a significant strategy and competitive factor for higher education providers. This has compelled institutions to implement quality measures to attract and retain both potential and current students. Therefore, this research is to explore the determinants of student satisfaction. Cross-sectional data was generated from a purposive sample of 400 students across higher education institutions in Ghana. The data was analysed using multiple regression. Expectation theory is the theory that unpins this study. The results reveal that administrative services, academic services, and physical evidence are significant components of service quality. The outcomes of the study show there is a positive and significant relationship …</text>
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                <text>One of the major concerns of organizations in today's networked world is to unravel how employees comply with information security policies (ISPs) since the internal employee has been identified as the weakest link in security policy breaches. A number of studies have examined ISP compliance from the perspective of deterrence; however, there have been mixed results. The study seeks to examine information security compliance from the perspective of the general deterrence theory (GDT) and information security climate (ISC). Data was collected from 329 employees drawn from the five top-performing banks in Ghana and analyzed with PLS-SEM. Results from the study show that security education training and awareness, top-management's commitment for information security, and peer non-compliance behavior affect the information security climate in an organization. Information security climate, punishment …</text>
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                <text>Purpose&#13;
In the light of the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals, it is imperative for firms to adopt green practices. Green marketing is currently attracting the attention of people all over the world due to the growing awareness of the link between environmental catastrophes and unsustainable human activities. However, some aspects of green marketing, including green product experience, trust, satisfaction and loyalty, remain underexplored. This study aims to assess how green product experience and trust in green labelling influence perceived value, satisfaction and loyalty towards green products.</text>
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                <text>Changes in nib acidification and biochemical composition during&#13;
fermentation of pulp pre-conditioned cocoa (Theobroma cacao) beans</text>
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                <text>Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa, JE Kongor, J Takrama, AS Budu</text>
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                <text>Studies were conducted to establish changes in nib acidification and biochemical composition (sugars concentration, proteins and free fatty acids) during fermentation of pulp pre-conditioned cocoa beans using a 4 x 3 full factorial experimental design with pod storage (0, 3, 7 and 10 days) and fermentation time (0, 3 and 6 days) as the principal factors. Non-volatile (titratable) acidity, pH, sugars (reducing, non-reducing and total sugars), proteins and free fatty acids of the beans were studied using standard analytical methods. Pod storage caused consistent increases in pH of the nibs at all fermentation times with consequential decrease in non-volatile (titratable) acidity. Bean fermentation from pods stored between 3–7 days resulted in cocoa nibs with pH between 5.10–5.36 with only minimal changes in FFA. However, fermentation significantly (p &lt; 0.05) decreased the non-reducing sugars, total sugars and protein content of the beans whilst reducing sugars increased. Similarly, pod storage caused marginal reductions in total and non-reducing sugars with consequential increase in reducing sugars whiles protein content was reduced significantly. Storage of cocoa pod between 3–7 days with 6 days of fermentation led to considerable reductions in nib acidification, sugars (non-reducing and total sugars) and proteins with concomitant increases in reducing sugars and acceptable FFA levels</text>
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                <text>Faculty of Food Science &amp; Technology, UPM</text>
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                <text>Application of response surface methodology for studying the product characteristics of extruded rice–cowpea–groundnut blends</text>
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                <text>Emmanuel Kwasi Asare, Samuel Sefa-Dedeh, Esther Sakyi-Dawson, Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa</text>
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                <text>Response surface methodology (with central composite rotatable design for k=3) was used to investigate the product properties of extruded rice–cowpea–groundnut blends in a single screw extruder. The combined effect of cowpea (0–20%), groundnut (0–10%), and feed moisture (14–48%) levels were used for formulation of the products. The product moisture, expansion ratio, bulk density and total colour change were studied using standard analytical methods. Well-expanded rice–legume blend extrudates of less bulk density and lower moisture content were produced at low feed moisture. Increasing legume addition affected the various shades of colour in the product. Models developed for the indices gave R2 values ranging from 52.8% (for the b-value) to 86.5% (for bulk density). The models developed suggested that the optimal process variables for the production of a puffed snack with an enhanced nutrition …</text>
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                <text>Influence of tempering and fat crystallization behaviours on microstructural and melting properties in dark chocolate systems</text>
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                <text>Particle size distribution (PSD) and temper influences on dark chocolate fat crystallization were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and microscopy to establish relationships with their melting properties and microstructure. Variations in PSD had no influence on crystallinity of products at all temper regimes. Particle size (PS) increases had limited effects on Tonset, Tpeak, and ΔHmelt independent of temper regime but significant decreases in Tend and Tindex were noted. Contrary, varying temper regime influenced the crystallinity and melting properties (Tend, Tindex and ΔHmelt) of products. Under-tempered chocolate showed widened crystal size distribution (CSD) with significant changes in Tend, Tindex and ΔHmelt of products. Over-tempering caused moderate increases in CSD and melting properties, with significant effect on Tend, Tindex and ΔHmelt but no changes were noted in Tonset, T …</text>
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                <text>The relationship between social interactions, trust, business network, external knowledge access and performance: a study of SMEs in Ghana</text>
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                <text>Henry Boateng, George Oppong Appiagyei Ampong, Diyawu Rahman Adam, Kwame Simpe Ofori, Robert Ebo Hinson</text>
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                <text>Purpose&#13;
The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of social interaction ties, trust and business networks in the acquisition of foreign business knowledge and foreign institutional knowledge. It also assesses the effect of these types of knowledge on small and medium enterprises’ (SME) export performance. Furthermore, this study determines the moderating role of absorptive capacity in the relationship between foreign business knowledge, foreign institutional knowledge and export performance.&#13;
Design/methodology/approach&#13;
This study used a survey research design using data from nontraditional SME exporters in Ghana. There were 257 respondents who were employees (managers/owners) of SMEs in Ghana. The model was analyzed using structural equation modeling.&#13;
Findings&#13;
Social interaction ties, trust and business networks have a significant effect on the acquisition of foreign business knowledge and …</text>
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                <text>Capital structure and corporates financial sustainability: evidence from listed non-financial entities in Ghana</text>
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Yusheng Kong, Mary Donkor, Mohammed Musah, Joseph Akwasi Nkyi, George Oppong Appiagyei Ampong</text>
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                <text>This study examined the nexus between capital structure and the financial sustainability of 28 listed non-financial firms in Ghana. Panel data for the period 2008 to 2019 was used for the analysis. From the results, the panel studied was heterogeneous and cross-sectionally dependent. In addition, the variables investigated were first-differenced stationary and cointegrated in the long term. The elasticities of the predictors were explored via the common correlated effects mean group (CCEMG) estimator. From the findings, capital structure proxied by the debt and debt-to-equity ratio improved the firms’ financial sustainability via the increase in return on equity (ROE). Also, firm size and assets growth promoted the entities’ financial sustainability in all the panels; however, the association between operational efficiency and the corporates’ sustainability was heterogeneous across panels. Finally, asset tangibility significantly impacted the firms’ financial sustainability. Based on the findings, the study recommended that authorities should opt for a capital structure mix that would minimize costs and optimize the firms’ financial sustainability when making capital structure decisions.</text>
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                  <text>Food Science </text>
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                <text>Rheological properties, melting behaviours and physical quality characteristics of sugar-free chocolates processed using inulin/polydextrose bulking mixtures sweetened with stevia and thaumatin extracts</text>
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                <text>Roger Philip Aidoo, Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa, Koen Dewettinck</text>
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                <text>Demand for use of natural sweeteners and prebiotic compounds for manufacture of sugar-free chocolates has dramatically increased over the past decennium. However, their applicability in product formulation and how these will affect the flow (rheological) and physical quality characteristics still remains a big challenge. This study investigated the rheological properties, melting behaviours and other physical quality characteristics of sugar-free chocolates processed from inulin and polydextrose mixtures as bulking agents sweetened with stevia and thaumatin extracts. Standard reference chocolate was developed using sucrose and the effects of the inulin/polydextrose and stevia/thaumatin ingredients on the rheological properties, melting profiles, colour and hardness of the derived products measured using standard methods. Generally, the sugar-free chocolates showed similar flow (rheological) and melting properties as compared to the reference chocolate. Sucrose replacement with the inulin/polydextrose and stevia/thaumatin extracts resulted in significantly higher Casson viscosity. There were however no significant differences in the melting behaviour and texture of the sugar-free chocolates and the reference. Chocolates containing the sugar substitutes recorded lower onset temperatures and higher peak widths than the reference sample. Inulin and polydextrose mixtures could be used for sugar-free chocolate manufacture with satisfactory physicochemical properties when sweetened with stevia or thaumatin extracts.&#13;
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                <text>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0023643814005519</text>
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                <text>An empirical study on the adoption of consumer-to-consumer E-commerce: Integrating the UTAUT model and the initial trust model</text>
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                <text>Kwame Simpe Ofori, Kwabena G Boakye, John Agyekum Addae, George Oppong Appiagyei Ampong, Adolph Sedem Yaw Adu</text>
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                <text>With the ever-increasing internet penetration in Ghana, e-commerce development seems to be on the ascendency. However, users are reluctant to patronize these online sites due to the lack of trust. While literature is inundated with numerous B2B and B2C e-commerce studies, little is known about C2C e-commerce. Thus, our study contributes to the e-commerce literature, seeking to extend knowledge by integrating the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model with the Initial Trust Model (ITM) to explore user adoption of C2C e-commerce in an emerging market. Data was collected from 193 university students who have had some experience with some Ghanaian C2C websites and analyzed using the Partial Least Squares approach to Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). Results from the model showed that Performance Expectancy had the most significant effect on …</text>
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