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                <text>Influence of enzymatically produced sunflower oil based cocoa butter equivalents on the phase behavior of cocoa butter and quality of dark chocolate</text>
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                <text>Sheida Kadivar, Nathalie De Clercq, Mansura Mokbul, Koen Dewettinck</text>
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                <text>The two enzymatically produced sunflower oil based cocoa butter equivalents (CBEs) were blended with cocoa butter (CB) at varying concentrations (g/100 g). The peak maximum decreased significantly upon the addition more CBE due to the presence of the low-melting TAGs. However, the melting heat and the melting onset temperature were comparable to CB up to 25 g CBE/100 g blend. The iso-solid diagram showed monotectic behavior with softening effect proportional to CBE increase. A significant decrease in SFC was observed at all temperatures for the blends in which the CBE ratio was above 25 g/100 g blend. The second part of this study was set out to determine the performance of CBE replacement in chocolates and compounds at 20 °C. All the chocolates and compounds even in the level of 5 g CBE/100 g blend had significantly lower Casson yield stress than reference chocolate. However, the …</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>ASSESSMENT OF RISK AND CHALLENGES OF DEBT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN ORGANISATIONS</text>
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                <text>Kofi Mintah Oware, Solomon Samanhyia, George Oppong Appiagyei Ampong</text>
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                <text>Account receivables have been a major problem for most utility service providers especially those still dealing with the post payment method where services are rendered before payment is made. This study assessed risk and debt management practices using Ghana Water Company Ltd (GWCL) as a case study. Both primary data and secondary data were used. Ratio analysis was main data analytical procedure. The study found account receivables to be fluctuating from 2010 to 2014 whereas revenue collected falls short of account receivables over the same period. The account receivable to current asset ratio indicated the existence of poor management of account receivables. Improper risk management of accounts receivables led to the inability of GWCL to initiate maintenance and expansion projects. The weakness of the law, ineffective and inefficient management of accounts receivables and poor investment in the collection of account receivable were some of the factors identified as the causes of poor</text>
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                <text>2015</text>
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                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=NogL9W0AAAAJ&amp;amp;cstart=20&amp;amp;pagesize=80&amp;amp;citation_for_view=NogL9W0AAAAJ:kNdYIx-mwKoC</text>
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                  <text>Food Science </text>
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                <text>Changes in biochemical and physico-chemical qualities during drying of pulp preconditioned and fermented cocoa (Theobroma cacao) beans</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa, Agnes Simpson Budu, Henry Mensah-Brown, Jemmy Felix</text>
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                <text>This study investigated the effects of post-harvest pod storage as a means of pulp preconditioning on the souring production, flavour precursors development and free fatty acids during drying of fermented Ghanaian cocoa beans. A 4 x 4 full factorial experiment was conducted with pod storage (0, 7, 14, 21 days) and drying times (0, 2, 4 and 6 days) as the principal factors. The souring/acidification indices (pH and titratable acidity), total sugar, total nitrogen and free fatty acids (FFA) were studied using standard analytical methods. The results showed that titratable acidity, total sugars and total nitrogen in cocoa beans decreased during drying and with increasing pod storage durations probably due to their participation in Maillard nonenzymatic reactions to form flavour volatiles and colour pigments as Amadori intermediates. By contrast, FFAs and pH increased during drying and with increasing pod storage durations. Pod storage for up to 7 days followed by 6 days of fermentation and drying respectively produced beans with acceptable FFA values below 1.75% whilst enhancing the flavour precursors development and reductions in nib acidity. However, these observed changes were more dependent on pod storage than on drying.</text>
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                <text>2014</text>
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                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=EZuX1N8AAAAJ&amp;amp;pagesize=80&amp;amp;citation_for_view=EZuX1N8AAAAJ:BqipwSGYUEgC</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="11043">
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                  <text>Food Science </text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Cocoa and chocolate consumption–Are there aphrodisiac and other benefits for human health?</text>
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                <text>EO Afoakwa</text>
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                <text>Cocoa and chocolate have been acclaimed for several years for their possible medicinal and health benefits. It is only recently, however, that some of these claims have been more clearly identified and studied. Recent epidemiological and clinical studies, for example, have shown that dietary supplementation with flavonoid-rich cocoa and chocolate may exert a protective effect on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation, which has been associated with a reduced risk of developing atherosclerosis. Some of the identified benefits of flavonoid-rich cocoa and chocolate include antioxidant properties, reduced blood pressure via the induction of nitric-oxide (NO)-dependent vasodilation in men, improved endothelial function, increased insulin sensitivity, decreased platelet activation and function, as well as modulated immune function and inflammation. Furthermore, chocolate has been reported to release …</text>
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                <text>Taylor &amp; Francis</text>
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                <text>2008</text>
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                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=EZuX1N8AAAAJ&amp;amp;pagesize=80&amp;amp;citation_for_view=EZuX1N8AAAAJ:kNdYIx-mwKoC</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Phytosterols-induced viscoelasticity of oleogels prepared by using monoglycerides</text>
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                <text>Mohd Dona Bin Sintang, Sabine Danthine, Allison Brown, Davy Van de Walle, Ashok R Patel, Iris Tavernier, Tom Rimaux, Koen Dewettinck</text>
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                <text>Monoglycerides (MGs) and phytosterols (PS) are known to form firm oleogels with liquid oil. However, the oleogels are prone to undergo polymorphic transition over time that lead to crystals' aggregation thus, compromises physical properties. Thus, we combined MGs with PS to control the crystallization and modify the morphology of the combination oleogels, as both components are reported to interact together. The oleogels were prepared at different ratio combinations and characterized in their rheological, thermal, morphology, and diffraction properties. The results showed that the 8:2 MGP:PS exhibited higher storage modulus (G′) than the MGP mono-component. The combination oleogels exhibited effects on the crystallization and polymorphic transition. Consequently, the effects led to change in the morphology of the combination oleogels which was visualized using optical and electron microscope. The …</text>
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                <text>Elsevier</text>
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                <text>2017</text>
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                <text>A Study on Violence against Children with special focus on sexual exploitation and child sex tourism in Ghana. Insights from Kumasi Metropolis and Asokore Mampong in the …</text>
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                <text>&#13;
Solomon Ampong, George Oppong Appiagyei, Donbesuur, Francis. and Samanhyia</text>
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                <text>2016</text>
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                <text>Assessing the influence of pod storage on sugar and free amino acid profiles and the implications on some Maillard reaction related flavor volatiles in Forastero cocoa beans</text>
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                <text>Michael Hinneh, Evangeline Semanhyia, Davy Van de Walle, Ann De Winne, Daylan Amelia Tzompa-Sosa, Gustavo Luis Leonardo Scalone, Bruno De Meulenaer, Kathy Messens, Jim Van Durme, Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa, Luc De Cooman, Koen Dewettinck</text>
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                <text>The practice of pod storage (PS) has been applied in many cocoa producing countries, especially by Ghanaian farmers over the years. However, the study of PS has not received much attention, hence, until now, its potential impact on specific flavor precursor development and implications on the flavor of cocoa beans still remains uncovered. The study was therefore aimed at exploring this possibility through physico-chemical and flavor precursor analyses, carried out on equally fermented and dried pod stored (0, 3 and 7 days) Ghanaian cocoa beans. Flavor analysis was also conducted on equally roasted pod stored cocoa beans. Through visual assessment of the pods, pulp and beans, the compelling impact of PS on fermentation index (FI) and nib acidity could be demonstrated by the various biochemical and physical changes such as respiration, moisture reduction, and cellular degradation, occurring during …</text>
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                <text>Development and Validation of Work Place Integrity Scale; Evidence from Ghana.</text>
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                <text>Eric Atta Appiadjei, George Oppong Ampong, Samuel Akwasi Danso, Kennedy Annor Koranchie</text>
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                <text>This article developed and validated work place integrity scale that are applicable across industries. Responded questionnaire perceived to contribute to integrity were subjected to principal components analysis. Overall Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.843 was reported. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value was 0.887, whiles the Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity reached statistical significance, supporting the use of factor analysis. Total variance explained initially, revealed the presence of six components with eigenvalues 24.973%, 8.309%, 5.045%, 4.843%, 4.077%, 3.969% of the variance respectively contributing to a cumulative variance of 51.2%. Using Cattell’s scree test, it was decided to retain components 1&amp;2 for further investigation. To aid in the interpretation of these two components, oblimin rotation was performed which resulted in a simple pattern matrix with 2 components showing a number of strong loadings. The resulted component correlation matrix was very strong (0.346). The two-component solution explained a total of 33.2% of the variance, with Component 1 contributing 24.9% and Component 2 contributing 8.3%. The resulted pattern matrix relating to component 1 supports the non-usage of inducement to assess the integrity of a person, whiles component 2 support the use of inducement to assess the integrity of a person.</text>
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                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=NogL9W0AAAAJ&amp;amp;cstart=20&amp;amp;pagesize=80&amp;amp;citation_for_view=NogL9W0AAAAJ:9yKSN-GCB0IC</text>
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                <text>Examining Self-Disclosure on Social Networking Sites: A Flow Theory and Privacy Perspective</text>
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                <text>Aseda Mensah, George Oppong Appiagyei Ampong, Adolph Sedem Yaw Adu, John Agyekum Addae, Osaretin Kayode Omoregie, Kwame Simpe Ofori</text>
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                <text>Social media and other web 2.0 tools have provided users the platform to interact and also disclose personal information not only with their friends and acquaintances, but also with relative strangers with unprecedented ease. This has enhanced the ability of people to share more about themselves, their families, and their friends through a variety of media including text, photo, and video, thus developing and sustaining social and business relationships. The purpose of the paper is to identify the factors that predict self-disclosure on social networking sites within the Ghanaian context. Data was collected from 452 students in three leading universities in Ghana and analyzed with Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling. Results from the study revealed that all variables in the proposed model with the exception of interaction and perceived control were significant predictors of self-disclosure with privacy risk being the most significant predictor. In all, the model accounted for 54.6 percent of the variance in self disclosure. The implications and limitations of the current study are discussed and directions for future research proposed.</text>
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                  <text>Food Science </text>
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                <text>Dynamics of volatile compounds and flavor precursors during spontaneous fermentation of fine flavor Trinitario cocoa beans</text>
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                <text>Hayley Rottiers, Daylan Amelia Tzompa Sosa, Ann De Winne, Jenny Ruales, Jessika De Clippeleer, Ilse De Leersnyder, Jocelyn De Wever, Helena Everaert, Kathy Messens, Koen Dewettinck</text>
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                <text>Fine flavor cocoa is worldwide renowned to produce origin chocolates with special aromas, e.g. fruity or floral, in addition to its chocolate aroma. This research aims to elucidate fine flavor dynamics during fermentation by analyzing the sugar, free amino acid (FAA) and volatile profile. Ecuadorian Trinitario beans (Sacha Gold) were sampled after 0, 18, 24, 48 and 66 h of spontaneous fermentation. The unfermented beans contained significant sucrose, glutamic acid and asparagine amounts while the fermented beans (66 h) contained more flavor precursors, e.g. glucose, fructose, hydrophobic and other FAA. Forty-one volatiles were identified, including 13 fruity- and 12 floral-like, derived from various metabolic pathways. Whereas the level of fatty acid-derived fruity volatiles decreased, the amount of amino acid-derived fruity and floral volatiles increased and floral terpenes remained stable. Some fine …</text>
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