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                <text>Effect of sugar, pectin and acid balance on the quality characteristics of pineapple (Ananas comosus) jam</text>
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                <text>Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa, E Nartey, J Ashong, G Annor</text>
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                <text>Investigations were conducted on the effect of sugar concentration, pH balance and high methoxy pectin concentration on quality characteristics of pineapple jam using standard analytical methods. Addition of 50% sugar improved the colour and texture of the jam. Non-sugar jam was too soft, and could not hold their form. The jam balanced to pH 3.2 and 3.5 with the addition of lemon juice as a source of acid was of acceptable finished pH. Jam colour was not greatly affected by the incorporation of lemon juice. Addition of pectin had no significant effect on the pH of the finished jam. Sufficient pectin levels (0.5%) however improved the texture, gel formation and enhanced spreadability of the jam. Non-pectin jam was hard, tough and stiff and this was more evident in the 100% sugar with no pectin jam formulations. At 1.0% pectin concentration, spreadability of the jam was poor and colour became redder. Sensory …</text>
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                <text>Application of response surface methodology for optimizing the pre-processing conditions of bambara groundnut (Voandzei subterranea) during canning</text>
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                <text>Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa, Agnes Simpson Budu, Alan Bullock Merson</text>
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                <text>Bambara groundnut (Voandzei subterranea) seeds were canned with the objective of investigating the optimal pre-processing conditions that would yield the best quality canned product from it. Pre-canning procedures such as blanching time, soaking time and sodium hexametaphosphate [(NaPO3) 6] salt concentration were used as the independent variables for a Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD). The pre-processing parameters obtained from the CCRD for k= 3 were used for the canning of the bambara groundnuts and the quality characteristics (moisture content, pH of the drained liquid, drained weight, splitting of the seeds, leached solids and seed hardness) of the canned products were studied using response surface methodology. Regression models were generated using regression analysis and used for the plotting of response surface curves. Adequacy of the model equation for predicting the …</text>
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                <text>De Gruyter</text>
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                <text>2007</text>
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                  <text>Faculty of IT Business</text>
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                <text>Strategic Marketing Communications of African Universities</text>
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                <text>Robert Ebo Hinson.</text>
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                <text>Strategic marketing of higher education encompasses the efforts made by tertiary or higher education&#13;
institutions to develop a better understanding of the needs of their prospective customers in order to design&#13;
products and services to meet and exceed these needs. These marketing activities of tertiary institutions should&#13;
usually be carried out through the execution of purposeful conversations with all the university brand&#13;
stakeholders, and this is the function of brand marketing communications. Brand marketing communications&#13;
seeks to integrate multiple consumer contact points that occur through the purchase of commercial messages in&#13;
paid, earned, and owned media to deliver persuasive and impactful statements about higher education brands.&#13;
Persuasive brand communications is a critical pillar in the successful marketing efforts of universities&#13;
worldwide, and this new edited book focuses on marketing and brand communication issues from an African&#13;
perspective. This chapter introduces the coverage and contents of the book, highlighting the different themes&#13;
and chapters.</text>
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                <text>https://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/26167/7/26167%20MOGAJI_Strategic_Marketing_Communications_Of_African_Universities_Introduction_%28AAM%29_2019.pdf</text>
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                <text>Optimization of the processing conditions and quality characteristics of watermelon jams using response surface methodology</text>
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                <text>E Afoakwa, O Oguseye, G Annor, J Ashong</text>
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                <text>Water melon (Citrullus vugaris) is a fruit grown for its thirst quenching property rather than for ant nutritional value. It consists of 92% water and 8% sugar, so it is aptly named. Its high water content makes it impracticable to use this fruit for jam, but because it is seasonal, processing the fruit into jam is a means of keeping this out of season produce available throughout the year. This study sought to investigate the effect of sugar concentration and pH balance on the chemical, physiochemical and physical properties of watermelon jams. Through the response surface methodology (RSM), the effect of refractive index, soluble solids, pH, total acidity, moisture, ash, total carbohydrate, hardness and colour with respect to sugar concentration and pH were determined. Response surface models were generated using regression analysis and used to plot graphs for each of the indices studied. The results revealed that inclusion of 60% sugar improved the soluble solids content, texture, colour and gel set of the jam. Inclusion of sugar concentration above 60% did not increase soluble solids content of the jam and resulted in jams of sticky consistency which is unacceptable from the standpoint of the consumer. The low sugar jams failed to set and had unacceptable texture, colour and soluble solids content. Sugar significantly contributes to the quality of the jam but above 60% sugar concentration, the quality of the jam is not improved. Acid had significant effect on the gel set, texture, total acidity and pH of the finished jam. All the pH levels studied resulted in jams of acceptable pH when analyzed. The optimal conditions required achieving the optimum soluble …</text>
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                <text>Modeling the Trend of Performance of the Manchester United Football Club in the 1960-2013 English Premiership</text>
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                <text>Linus Addae, Martin Owusu Amoamah, Iddrisu Wahab Abdul, Osei Antwi</text>
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                <text>This research studied the trend of performance of Manchester United Football Club in the 1960-2013 English premiership seasons. The three main variables involved in this study are the number of games won, games drawn and games lost by Manchester United for the study period. But this study concentrated on the number of games lost since the objective of every manager of a team is to minimize loss and maximize win or draw. Thus the objective of this study is to develop a model for predicting the number of games that would be lost by Manchester United in future seasons using games played in the previous seasons. The data used for this study are secondary data obtained from sportamok and English premiership websites. The statistical technique used for this study is time series analysis. Specifically, Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model was used to develop a model for the number of games lost by Manchester United. The model was used to forecast for the next fifteen seasons. The model predicted that Manchester United will lose six (6) games for 2013/2014 season.</text>
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                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=ECTxVnYAAAAJ&amp;amp;cstart=20&amp;amp;pagesize=80&amp;amp;citation_for_view=ECTxVnYAAAAJ:2osOgNQ5qMEC</text>
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                <text>Logistic Regression Model for Determining the Sex of a Child Using Age of the Mother and Month of Conception</text>
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                <text>Ben Apau-Dadson, Iddrisu Wahab Abdul, Martin Owusu Amoamah, Joseph Dadzie</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The issue of sex determination (before conception) is beyond the study of Science. Though current studies have developed means to determine gender, it is not until the baby has been conceived. After conception, scientific methods can be used to determine whether the baby will be a boy or a girl. This study seeks to use the age of the mother and the month in which she conceives to predict the gender of the baby, using appropriate statistical methods. The data used for this study was extracted from the delivery books of the Maternity Department of Achimota Hospital in the Amasaman District of Greater Accra Region in Ghana from 2000-2004. Logistic regression was used to analyze the data since the dependent variable has only two possible values (Male or Female). The results reveal that the odds of estimating correctly the gender of a baby improves by only 0.4% if one knows the age of the mother and by 1.1% if one knows the month within which the child was conceived.</text>
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                <text>Discriminant Analysis of Discrimination against People with Disability</text>
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                <text>Iddrisu Wahab Abdul, Joseph Dadzie, Ben Apau-Dadson</text>
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                <text>Negative stereotypes about physically challenged people result in discriminatory social policies which in turn reinforce or confirm negative attitudes that greatly affects them as they strive to function in the society, these problems create some difficulties as the physically challenged persons strives to effectively play active role in various sectors of the society. The main objective of this study was to identify the category of people who perpetuate discriminatory practices against physically challenged people in Tamale metropolis of Ghana. Questionnaires and interview guide were used to collect data for the study. Discriminant analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was then performed on the collected data. The results revealed that" survey respondents who had discriminated either consciously or unconsciously against people with disabilities were more likely to be less than 40 years in terms of age, male in terms of sex, educated with regards to formal education, and working in the formal sector in terms of occupation than survey respondents who had never discriminated against people with disabilities."</text>
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                  <text>Food Science </text>
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                <text>Varietal diversity and processing effects on the biochemical composition, cyanogenic glucoside potential (HCNp) and appearance of cassava flours from South-Eastern African region</text>
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                <text>L Chiwona-Karltun, EO Afoakwa, D Nyirenda, CN Mwansa, JE Kongor, L Brimer</text>
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                <text>Changes in biochemical quality and cyanogenic safety in flours from different cassava varieties grown within the South-eastern African region as influenced by processing technique were investigated. Two local (Mweulu and Tanganyika) and four improved Cassava Mosaic Disease (CMD)-tolerant cassava varieties (Chila A, Chila B, Bangweulu and Kampolombo) were processed using different processing techniques (chipping, grating and soaking). Flours obtained from these products were studied for changes in their starch content, total, reducing and non-reducing sugars, colour and cyanogenic potential (HCNp) using standard analytical methods. The results showed that the different processing techniques had only minimal but significant (p&lt;0.05) effects on the starch and sugar content of the different cassava varieties. Flour made from chips from all six cassava varieties had relatively high cyanogenic potentials with values ranging between 30.1 mg HCN/kg in Chila A to 64.3 mg HCN/kg in Bangweulu. Grating and soaking of the roots, however resulted in drastic reductions in the levels of the cyanogenic glucosides in all the varieties. The high HCNp levels in the chips from Chila A and Bangweulu were reduced to 16.2 and 13.5 mg HCN/kg by the grating and soaking treatments respectively. Similar reductions in HCNp levels were noted for all the other varieties. Likewise, grating and soaking also caused significant (p&lt;0.05) increase in the L*-values of the cassava flours compared to the cassava chip flours. Soaked Kampolombo had the highest L*-value of 78.40 suggesting that the soaked Kampolombo cassava sample was whiter than the …</text>
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                <text>Faculty of Food Science &amp; Technology, UPM</text>
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                  <text>Faculty of Computing and Information Systems</text>
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                <text>Item Response Theory Model for Understanding Item Non-Response in Ghanaian Surveys</text>
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                <text>Iddrisu Wahab Abdul, Nana Kena Frempong, Martin Owusu Amoamah</text>
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                <text>This paper explores four Item Response Theory (IRT) models to determine the most appropriate for understanding item non-response. The selected IRT model was used to identify among five categories of survey questions, the most difficult to answer by respondents and determine the underlying mechanism behind missing data which is defined to include ‘don’t know’answers. A questionnaire data on Ghana collected in the fifth wave of the World Values Survey was implored. All items were dichotomously scored. Missing or ‘don’t know’responses were assigned a 0 score whiles answered items were assigned a 1 score. The four IRT models that were explored included both the constrained and unconstrained versions of the Rasch model, the two parameter logistic model (2-PLM), and the three parameter logistic model (3-PLM). The unconstrained Rasch model emerged as the most appropriate model for understanding item non-response. It was observed that, income related questions had the highest difficulty parameter, hence the most difficult category of survey questions to answer. It was also found that, if an individual does not answer a survey question or give a ‘don’t know’answer, it is not only due to the question’s difficulty but also because the respondent doesn’t want to answer.</text>
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                  <text>Faculty of Computing and Information Systems</text>
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                <text>Using Item Response Theory to Understand Item-Nonresponse (Missing Data) in Ghanaian Surveys</text>
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                <text>Wahab Abdul Iddrisu</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>After reviewing the theoretical and empirical literature on Item Response Theory (IRT) and Item-non response, this study investigates three issues: Firstly, to identify the most appropriate IRT model for understanding item-non response...</text>
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                <text>2012</text>
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                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=ECTxVnYAAAAJ&amp;amp;cstart=20&amp;amp;pagesize=80&amp;amp;citation_for_view=ECTxVnYAAAAJ:WF5omc3nYNoC</text>
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