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                  <text>Food Science </text>
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                <text>Influence of the Addition of Cereal Malt on the Viscoelastic and Functional Properties of Cereal-Based Weaning Foods</text>
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                <text>Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa, Samuel Sefa-Dedeh, Yvonne Kluvitse, Esther Sakyi-Dawson</text>
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                <text>Traditional weaning foods are made from cereals resulting in gruels of high density with viscosities not suitable for infant feeding. Reducing the bulk density in fermented weaning foods will facilitate the production of infant weaning porridges of improved caloric density and lower viscosity. Our objective was aimed at investigating the influence of the addition of cereal malts on the viscoelastic and functional properties of cereal-based weaning foods. A 3x3x2 factorial experiment with sprouting time (2, 3, 4 days), malt concentration (5 and 10%) and cereal malt (maize, millet and sorghum) was used. The cereals were sprouted for 2, 3, and 4 days and then incorporated into fermented maize dough at concentrations of 5% and 10%(dry matter basis). Samples were analysed for their viscoelastic properties using 8% slurries in a Brabender Viscoamylograph, and functional properties (pH, titratable acidity, water holding capacity and swelling capacity). Sorghum malt in comparison to millet and maize malts was not effective in terms of lowering the hot and cold viscosities of the fermented maize dough. Maize and millet malts liquefied the dough considerably during both the hot and cold paste viscosities. However, the effect of 4-day sprouted cereal malts was most pronounced whilst the optimum activity of maize malt was observed after three days of sprouting. The pH of the products decreased (5.38-3.84) with increasing malt concentration with concomitant increase in acid production (0.238–0.624 gLactic acid/100g dry sample) and no significant effect (p&lt; 0.05) was noted for the type of cereal malt. Water holding and swelling capacities however decreased …</text>
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                <text>The Changing Face of Policy Development in a Democratic Developmental State: The Role of Think Tanks and Policy Advocacy in Ghana</text>
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                <text>Frank Ohemeng, Kenneth Parku, Emelia Amoako Asiedu, Theresa Obuobisa-Darko</text>
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                <text>The movement in Ghana since the early 1990s from an authoritarian environment to a democratic one has seen the rise of civil society groups jostling for space in the policy development process and in governance (Abdulai and Quantson, 2009; Antwi-Boasiako, 2019; Hughes, 2005).</text>
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                <text>Psychological Contract Breach, Stress and Employee Engagement During and After COVID-19: The Role of Inclusive Leadership</text>
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                <text>Kenneth Parku, Theresa Obuobisa-Darko, Emelia Amoaku Asiedu</text>
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                <text>Objective–This study extends both Social Exchange Theory and the Job Demands–Resources model by examining the connection between psychological contract breach, job stress and employee engagement in relation to the role inclusive leadership plays.&#13;
Methodology–Using a quantitative approach, data was gathered from two hundred and two (202) respondents, selected using convenience sampling technique. Data gathered was analysed using SPSS version 26 and SmartPLS 4. Findings–Results showed that Job Stress had a negative statistically significant impact on Inclusive Leadership Employee Engagement, Innovative Output and Turnover Intent. Inclusive Leadership Psychological Contract Breach had a positive significant relationship with Innovative Output but a negative relationship with Job Stress. The study also found out that Job Stress mediates the relationship between Inclusive Leadership Psychological Contract Breach and Inclusive Leadership Employee Engagement.&#13;
Novelty–The study contributes to clarifying and extend the social exchange theory (SET) by unravelling how the inclusive leader operates on respect, recognition, responsiveness and responsibility, in the reciprocal relationship between himself and their subordinates. Additionally, the study identifies the relationship between psychological contract breach, job stress and employee engagement in a developing country after the COVID-19 pandemic.</text>
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                <text>Journal of Business, Management and Social Studies</text>
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                <text>HIV/AIDS and Food/Nutrition Security in Africa: he Way Forward.</text>
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                <text>Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa, Ellen Ohene Afoakwa</text>
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                <text>Hunger and malnutrition have reached crisis proportions in much of Africa where about 200 million people are undernourished. Africa is the only region in the world to have experienced such substantial increase in the number of undernourished in the past 30 years, reasons for which HIV/AIDS has been noted as a major factor. HIV/AIDS depletes both human resources and capital, leading to a reduction in land area cultivated, changes in crop patterns, declines in food yields and human nutritional status. While there are many dimensions to the HIV/AIDS pandemic, little attention has been focussed on the impact of the disease on agricultural production, nutrition security, household food security and ultimately the health of the African populace.&#13;
This paper draws implications from various nutritional and epidemiological studies conducted in Africa. It also presents a framework for analysing the problems and highlights key effects of the disease on food and nutrition security, farm households and larger production units as well as the health of people in different parts of Africa.</text>
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                <text>Application of response surface methodology for studying the product characteristics of extruded rice-cowpea-groundnut...</text>
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                <text>Samuel Sefa-Dedeh, Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa</text>
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                <text>Response surface methodology (with central composite rotatable design for k0/3) was used to investigate the product properties of extruded riceÁ/cowpeaÁ/groundnut blends in a single screw extruder. The combined effect of cowpea (0Á/20%), groundnut (0Á/10%), and feed moisture (14Á/48%) levels were used for formulation of the products. The product moisture, expansion ratio, bulk density and total colour change were studied using standard analytical methods. Well-expanded riceÁ/legume blend extrudates of less bulk density and lower moisture content were produced at low feed moisture. Increasing legume addition affected the various shades of colour in the product. Models developed for the indices gave R2 values ranging from 52.8%(for the b-value) to 86.5%(for bulk density). The models developed suggested that the optimal process variables for the production of a puffed snack with an enhanced nutrition and spongy structure from a riceÁ/cowpeaÁ/groundnut blend are low feed moisture of 14Á/20% and maximum additions of 20% cowpea and 10% groundnut. A lack-of-fit test showed no significance, indicating that the models adequately fitted the data.</text>
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                <text>Changing the dynamics of human resources management in the public services of Ghana: an organizational learning perspective</text>
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                <text>The quality of human resources is critical to the development of any country. To enhance sustainable development and poverty reduction, governments need human capacities, especially in the public sector, to transform their commitments on these issues into results. In view of this, in 2015, the government of Ghana through the Public Services Commission developed a new human resources management policy for the public sector. The principal idea is that the new policy will lead to the transformation of the Public Service into an ethical, responsive, and citizen-oriented service that will provide, and continue to provide into the future high quality and timely services to Ghanaians. This paper examines the policy with the view of understanding whether it will transform a sector that has suffered considerable neglect since independence from the perspective of organisational learning. Will the new policy lead to fundamental shift in HRM in the public sector? Has it unearthed the fundamental issues underpinning the effective management of human resources in the sector? And has it proposed capable solutions to these issues?</text>
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                <text>GHANA SOCIAL SCIENCE</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2016</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="13075">
                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=eSTq3EQAAAAJ&amp;amp;citation_for_view=eSTq3EQAAAAJ:u5HHmVD_uO8C</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="13076">
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Food Science </text>
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                <text>&#13;
HIV/AIDS and Agriculture in Africa: The Woman's Role in Agricultural Policy Formulation and Implementation</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="13064">
                <text>Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is frequently perceived as an individual health problem or as an epidemic with effects on morbidity or mortality, health care and costs. From such a perspective, the" AIDS epidemic" emerges as a series of more or less clearly defined epidemics, each with characteristics of the subsystem in which it occurs and, together, forming a pandemic. HIV/AIDS is transmitted through heterosexual and homosexual intercourse, intravenous drug use (IDU), homosexual or based on blood transfusion. These aspects are very important, but they are not the only possible dimensions of the epidemic (Semba and Tang, 1999). Sub-Saharan Africa accounts for more than 70 per cent of all HIV/AIDS cases globally. It is the only region where women living with HIV/AIDS outnumber men. Nearly 25 million Africans are living with HIV/AIDS, the vast majority of them adults in the prime of their working and parenting lives. Some 15 million people in Africa have already died of AIDS, with devastating social and economic consequences (UNAIDS, 1999). In the 30 sub-Saharan African countries with the highest HIV/AIDS prevalence levels, the average life expectancy has already started to decline, standing at about 47 years, roughly seven years lower than it would have been in the absence of the pandemic. The lifetime risk of dying from AIDS has</text>
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                <text>Women and Gender Studies</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="13067">
                <text>2005</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="13068">
                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=EZuX1N8AAAAJ&amp;amp;cstart=200&amp;amp;pagesize=100&amp;amp;citation_for_view=EZuX1N8AAAAJ:4fKUyHm3Qg0C</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13069">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10216">
                  <text>Faculty of IT Business</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>The perception of employees on performance‐based budgeting reforms in developing countries: The perspective from Ghana</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="13057">
                <text>Kenneth Parku Frank Ohemeng,Emelia A. Asiedu,Theresa Obuobisa-Darko,Juliana A. Abane</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>In the last few decades, the use of performance management to correct state finances has led to the (re)emergence of performance‐based budgeting (PBB), with the belief that it will reveal where scarce resources should be concentrated. The efficacy of PBB, however, continues to be debated. This paper attempts to contribute to the discussion, by examining the case of Ghana from the perspective of budget officers. How do budget officers perceive the PBB? It is argued that while PBB is professed as a useful budgetary mechanism, there are challenges that need to be addressed if it is to achieve its objectives.</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13059">
                <text>Wiley and sons</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="13060">
                <text>2022</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13061">
                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=eSTq3EQAAAAJ&amp;amp;citation_for_view=eSTq3EQAAAAJ:0EnyYjriUFMC</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13062">
                <text>English</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="10235">
                  <text>Food Science </text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Enhancing the quality of school feeding programs in Ghana. Unpublished article. Legon: Department of Nutrition and Food Science.</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13051">
                <text>Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>A nation's ability to harness its resources for development is partly based on the quality of human capital available. The cognitive and mental development of undernourished children is known to be deficient or delayed and can adversely affect school performance. If under-nutrition is present in educational institutions and is carried further in life (7-18 years age group) the health of the population is compromised. Proper nutrition is critical for optimal growth, development and the general well-being and academic performance of children. Access to good nutrition either at home or through the educational system can contribute to the elimination of malnutrition and all its associated health and developmental problems. In this regard, efforts to promote health should begin as early in life as possible and the educational institutional settings provide a good opportunity. In Ghana, the Ministry of Food and Agriculture …</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="13053">
                <text>2005</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="13054">
                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=EZuX1N8AAAAJ&amp;amp;cstart=200&amp;amp;pagesize=100&amp;amp;citation_for_view=EZuX1N8AAAAJ:o4Qvs5Y5TLQC</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Faculty of IT Business</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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                <text>Occupational health and safety, cost reduction in accident and employee task performance: perspectives of selected service organizations</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="13044">
                <text>Emelia Amoako Asiedu, Jackson Nuarko Appiagyei, Richard Amfo-Otu, Kenneth Parku, Theresa Obuobisa-Darko</text>
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                <text>Objective&#13;
The right to safe and healthy working environment has dramatically gained a lot of interest at the global, regional, and national levels in recent years. Employers and employees need to recognise that, Occupational Health and Safety involves more than just first aid activities but the complete adherence to policy and best practices&#13;
Methods&#13;
The study assessed the effect of workers awareness of the health and safety policy in the organisation on cost and occupational accidents. Using the convenience sampling technique, a total of 180 employees from both public and private sector organisations responded to questionnaire used in the data collection through google forms and direct contact. Ordinary least-squares (OLS) regression analysis was conducted using SPSS version 26 to analysed the data collected.&#13;
Results&#13;
The study found that workers awareness was statistically significant and positively related to …</text>
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                <text>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2023</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="13049">
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