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                <text>Bernard Kwabena Asiedu, Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa, Crossby Osei Tutu, Rexford Obeng, Nii Korley Kortei, Papa Toah Akonor, Agnes Simpson Budu, Firibu Kwesi Saalia</text>
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                <text>The extent to which roasting of depulped cocoa beans at varied roasting intensities influences the total polyphenolic content, total flavonoid content, and DPPH scavenging capacity of cocoa liquor remains underexplored. This study investigated the effect of mechanical depulping and roasting intensities on these parameters in Ghanaian cocoa beans. A 3× 3 full factorial design was employed, with depulping levels (0%, 50%, and 100%) and roasting conditions (110◦ C for 60 min, 120◦ C for 30 min, and 135◦ C for 10 min) as the principal factors. Cocoa beans were depulped mechanically, fermented for six days, dried at 55◦ C to a moisture content of 7, 8%, roasted, deshelled, and milled into cocoa liquor. The results showed that roasting intensity and mechanical depulping significantly influenced the studied parameters. Cocoa liquor obtained from mechanically depulped beans exhibited a higher total polyphenol content but lower flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity. Moderate roasting (120◦ C for 30 min) and low-temperature, long-time (110◦ C for 60 min) roasting processes preserved more flavonoids and antioxidant activity than high-temperature, short-time (135◦ C for 10 min) roasting. These findings highlight the importance of optimizing depulping and roasting conditions to balance the retention of bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties in cocoa liquor.</text>
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                <text>Developing entrepreneurial ecosystems in emerging markets: the quadruple helix model</text>
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                <text>This book chapter explores the development of entrepreneurial ecosystems in emerging markets, with a specific focus on the Quadruple Helix Model. The Quadruple Helix Model emphasizes collaboration and interaction among four key actors: academia, government, industry, and civil society, to foster innovation and entrepreneurship. The chapter provides an overview of the concept of entrepreneurial ecosystems and their significance in driving economic growth and societal development in emerging markets. The chapter discusses the expected roles and contributions of academia, government, industry, and civil society in building and nurturing entrepreneurial ecosystems. The chapter concludes by highlighting the importance of a holistic and collaborative approach to creating vibrant entrepreneurial ecosystems that support innovation and growth and success of startups and entrepreneurs.</text>
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                <text>Stakeholder Legitimacy Perceptions and Firm Innovation: A developing country perspective</text>
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                <text>Emelia Amoako-Asiedu, Priscilla Ntriwaa Otuo, Theresa Obuobisa-Darko, Alex Antwi-Agyei</text>
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                <text>The stakeholder engagement and innovation literature has received considerable academic attention. However, the subject of stakeholder legitimacy perceptions which impact the willingness and ability of stakeholders to engage with entrepreneurial ventures have not been fully explored in the entrepreneurship literature. This research fills the knowledge gap by reviewing literature on venture legitimacy, firm innovation, and stakeholders. Accordingly, the study discusses the perception of five stakeholder groups on firm legitimacy and suggests how they impact innovation in developing economies. At the end of the chapter, we highlight the critical issues of legitimacy perceptions, innovation, and stakeholders and point out potential avenues for further research.</text>
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                <text>Conceptual Framework–Sustainability Actions, Global Crises and Justice in the Future of Tourism and Hospitality</text>
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                <text>George Kofi Amoako, Genevive Sedalo, Emelia Amoako Asiedu, George Oppong Appiagyei Ampong</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic posed a big obstacle for nations as it affected the anticipated cash flows from the tourism and hospitality industry. Many tourist destinations have suffered as a result of the coronavirus disease 2019 crisis. Tourism and hospitality have been major source of revenue, and nations depend on them to augment their budgetary issues and support the provision of basic public services. Ethical tourism, responsible tourism, social justice, and sustainable tourism promise to be effective tools to execute this reputation agenda, which scholars have ignored. This paper proposes a conceptual framework that shows the effect of sustainability actions and justice on stakeholders in the tourism and hospitality industries, presently and for future generations. An in-depth literature review was employed using papers on sustainability actions. Using Scopus-indexed journals, 88 articles from …</text>
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                <text>2024</text>
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                <text>Effect of cowpea fortification on the quality characteristics of plantain-based Ghanaian traditional foods</text>
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                <text>EO SAKYI-DAWSON, O Aduamah, SK Sefa-Dedeh, EO Afoakwa</text>
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                <text>Cowpea fortification has been used to effectively improve the protein content of some traditional foods. It is however important to find out the extent to which addition of cowpea affects the desirable quality characteristics of the nutritionally improved products. This study investigated the effect of cowpea fortification on the physico-chemical, functional and sensory qualities of two popular plantain-based traditional Ghanaian foods (unripe plantain fufu and fried ripe plantain-pancake-tatale). The plantain fufu flour was fortified with cowpea at concentrations of 0, 10 and 20%. For the tatale mix, cowpea was substituted for wheat flour at levels of 0, 10, 20% and 100%. Product proximate composition, physico-chemical and functional properties were determined using standard analytical procedures. The acceptability of key sensory quality characteristics (color, taste, flavor, and softness) was assessed using a consumer panel. The softness of tatale was measured with the TA. XT2 Texture analyzer. Cowpea fortification enhanced the nutritional quality of the plantain products. In the tatale mix, protein increased from 6.1% at 0% fortification to 13.8%(dry weight basis) at 100% fortification. Protein increased from 3.3% to 6.3% in fufu flour. At 20% fortification, ash, fat and fiber also increased to significant (p&lt; 0.05) levels for both products. Cowpea fortification reduced the water absorption capacity of both products. Swelling capacity at both 28 C and 70 C decreased with increasing cowpea concentration. Viscoamylograph indices indicated that cowpea fortification of fufu flour enhanced its viscosity characteristics. The cooked paste viscosity indices of the tatale mix …</text>
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                <text>Leadership and Employee Performance in the Ghanaian Public Sector: A Humanistic Perspective</text>
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                <text>Emelia Amoako Asiedu, Kenneth Parku, Frank LK Ohemeng, Theresa Obuobisa-Darko</text>
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                <text>Leadership is seen as an imperative stimulus for the effective functioning of employees, be they in the public or private sectors. Humanistic leadership has to do with leadership that the acceptance of humanistic ideals by leaders will result in a shared common spirit, uniting the leaders and their employees which in turn will drive employee performance. Using the Ghana public service as a case, where the performance is considered unacceptable, the study attempts to answer the question: in what ways can leaders utilise the humanistic leadership style to facilitate employees’ performance in the public services in developing countries? We contend that leadership that focuses on respecting people, striving to pursue the common good, and going beyond the “boss-subordinate” model of power and influence, will lead to employees reciprocating which in turn will stimulate employee performance. A desk research …</text>
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                <text>Effects of drying method, packaging and storage on the quality of cowpea-based weaning foods</text>
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                <text>SK SEFA-DEDEH, EO Sakyi-Dawson, EO Afoakwa, K Andoh-Kumi, K Tano-Debrah</text>
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                <text>Traditional weaning foods in developing countries are usually not packaged thus limiting their widespread use.. The application of cost-effective packaging systems which retain the quality of the foods is important.</text>
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                <text>The Current State of Performance-Based Budgeting and Its Impact on Public Budgeting in Ghana: Views from Budget Officers</text>
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                <text>Frank Ohemeng, Emelia Amoako Asiedu, Accra Legon, Theresa Obuobisa-Darko, Juliana Abane, Kenneth Parku</text>
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                <text>The original aim of PB, in the United States, as well as in other countries that adopted this innovation, was to purge budgeting of its line-item focus on the cost of inputs and to base spending decisions on the work to be performed. It bears remembering that most OECD countries once had highly itemized budgets, with expenditures structured into detailed classifications of personnel, supplies, travel, equipment and other goods and services purchased by governments. In some countries, national budgets were long shopping lists, bereft of explanations of what the items would be used for; in others, the budget had narrative descriptions of government activities, but little explanation of what they were expected to accomplish (5).</text>
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                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=eSTq3EQAAAAJ&amp;amp;cstart=20&amp;amp;pagesize=80&amp;amp;citation_for_view=eSTq3EQAAAAJ:2osOgNQ5qMEC</text>
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                  <text>Food Science </text>
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                <text>Effects of fermentation and cowpea fortification on the quality characteristics of maize-based nixtamalized foods</text>
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                <text>SK SEFA-DEDEH, S Asare, EO Sakyi-Dawson, EO Afoakwa</text>
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                <text>A 3 x 2 x 2 factorial experiment with fermentation time (0, 24, 48 hours), cowpea (0 and 15%) and alkaline treatment (nixtamalized and non-nixtamalized corn) was used. The blends were dried using a cabinet drier, milled into flour and spices added and processed into a snack food. Samples were analysed for moisture, fat acidity, water absorption and swelling capacity. The cylinder probe test cell was used in a TA-XT2 Texture Analyzer to measure the hardness of processed snack foods. Sensory analysis was conducted to determine the overall acceptability of the snack products.&#13;
Fermentation and cowpea levels showed no significant effect (p&lt; 0.05) on the moisture contents of the products. Cowpea addition caused decreases in the water absorption capacities from 192.23 to 117.15% in the unfermented nixtamalized sample whereas general increases were observed in the non-nixtamalized products. Similar observations were made for the swelling capacities of the products. No significant variations were observed in the fat acidity levels of the nixtamalized products with fermentation time and cowpea fortification. The texture (hardness) of the formulated products was acceptable. Sensory evaluation indicated that the presence of cowpea and fermentation in the products did not influence their acceptability by the panel.</text>
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The Woman’s Role In Agricultural Policy Formulation and Implementation</text>
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                <text>Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa</text>
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                <text>Gender issues in agricultural technology development are focused on. In spite of a general perception of the vital role of women in agricultural production, some models and concepts still undermining this reality are identified and discussed. The prevalent model of modal rural households assumes a male head who acts as the single farm decision maker and many economic models of farm enterprises assume a commonality of interest among household members. Similarly, the conceptual and modelling biases of studies of production, commodities and annual field monocrops, and the focus on single utilities are also discussed, drawing examples from several developing countries. It is suggested that irrationality and waste of research and extension inevitably result in a non-adoption of technological innovation. It is concluded that entrenched normative and methodological problems continue to inhibit adequate data …</text>
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                <text>2002</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="13112">
                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=EZuX1N8AAAAJ&amp;amp;cstart=200&amp;amp;pagesize=100&amp;amp;citation_for_view=EZuX1N8AAAAJ:cUMtEw7vMgQC</text>
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