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                  <text>Faculty of IT Business</text>
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                <text>Effect of QR code and mobile money on performance of SMEs in developing countries. The role of dynamic capabilities</text>
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                <text>Klenam Korbla Ledi, Enya Ameza-Xemalordzo, George Kofi Amoako, Bernice Asamoah</text>
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                <text>The purpose of the study is to examine the effect of QR code payment and mobile money on the performance of SMES in developing countries and the moderating role of dynamic capabilities. A survey method was used to gather data from the target population of SMEs that are making use of digital financial services in their business transactions. A total of 206 SMEs responded to the questionnaires. The study found that both mobile money usage and QR code payments have a significant and positive impact on SME performance. In addition to that, the study revealed that the effect of dynamic capabilities on firm performance was also statistically significant. The study also found the moderating effect was statistically significant for mobile money payments. However, for QR code payments, the moderation effect was not statistically significant. These findings imply that it is prudent for SMEs to adopt digital financial …</text>
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                  <text>Food Science </text>
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                <text>Effect of roasting conditions on the browning index and appearance properties of pulp pre-conditioned and fermented cocoa (Theobroma Cacao) beans</text>
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                <text>Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa, Agnes Simpson Budu, Henry Mensah-Brown, JF Takrama, E Ofosu-Ansah</text>
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                <text>Appearance is an important quality determinant of cocoa beans and it is used as standard criteria to establish the degree of fermentation and drying of the beans. Changes in browning index and colour (L* a* b*) during roasting of pulp pre-conditioned and fermented cocoa beans were studied using standard analytical methods. Increasing pod storage and roasting time at 120oC led to variable increases in browning index (BI) and b*-values of the beans with decreases in the L* and a* values. Cocoa pod stored for 10 days showed the highest BI (1.144) with the least L* value (24.15) whilst beans from the unstored pods showed the least BI (1.007) with the highest L* value (25.55). The rates of change in BI and colour (L*, a*, b*) were however more pronounced during roasting than pod storage. Brown pigment formation (BI) and the L* value were more pronounced after 30 minutes of roasting in beans from pods stored for 3 to 7 days. The colour changes in beans from 10 days pod storage was significant (p&lt; 0.05) after 45 minutes of roasting. The beans from the pods stored for 3 to 7 days showed consistent decrease in L* and a* values with increasing roasting time whiles the beans from the 10 days of pod storage were observed to produce lower L* value (darker beans) after 45 minutes of roasting. Pod storage between 3 to 7 days could be used to improve the brownness and appearance of roasted cocoa nibs. Beans from cocoa pod stored between 3 to 7 days produced the most acceptable BI and L* value after roasting for 30 minutes at 120oC.</text>
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                <text>2014</text>
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                  <text>Food Science </text>
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                <text>Effect of roasting on flavonoids, phenolics, and antioxidant activity of industrial-pulped and fermented cocoa beans</text>
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                <text>Bernard Kwabena Asiedu, Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa, Crossby Osei Tutu, Rexford Obeng, Nii Korley Kortei, Papa Toah Akonor, Agnes Simpson Budu, Firibu Kwesi Saalia</text>
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                <text>The extent to which roasting of depulped cocoa beans at varied roasting intensities influences the total polyphenolic content, total flavonoid content, and DPPH scavenging capacity of cocoa liquor remains underexplored. This study investigated the effect of mechanical depulping and roasting intensities on these parameters in Ghanaian cocoa beans. A 3 × 3 full factorial design was employed, with depulping levels (0%, 50%, and 100%) and roasting conditions (110°C for 60 min, 120°C for 30 min, and 135°C for 10 min) as the principal factors. Cocoa beans were depulped mechanically, fermented for six days, dried at 55°C to a moisture content of 7-8%, roasted, deshelled, and milled into cocoa liquor. The results showed that roasting intensity and mechanical depulping significantly influenced the studied parameters. Cocoa liquor obtained from mechanically depulped beans exhibited a higher total polyphenol …</text>
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                <text>Elsevier</text>
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                <text>2025</text>
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                <text>Effect of solid state fermentation on the physico-chemical, functional and textural properties of nixtamalized maize</text>
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                <text>Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa, Philip Roger Aidoo</text>
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                <text>Spontaneous lactic acid fermentation is an important process in cereal processing. It is applied to develop and enhance taste and flavour, modify texture and improve the microbial safety of foods. When applied with nixtamalization to maize, it is expected to further improve the functionality, improve nutritional quality and provide an alternative maize-based ingredient. This study was carried out to determine the extent to which fermentation could influence the physico-chemical, functional and textural properties of nixtamalized maize. A 2 x 3 x 3 factorial experimental design with fermentation medium (water, coconut water), fermentation time (0, 24, 48 hours) and blends composition (0:100, 50:50, 100:0 steeped:nixtamalized maize) was performed. The blends were fermented for the specific times and analysed for pH, titratable acidity, water absorption, colour and texture. Traditional maize dough facilitated the …</text>
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                <text>De Gruyter</text>
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                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=EZuX1N8AAAAJ&amp;amp;cstart=100&amp;amp;pagesize=100&amp;amp;citation_for_view=EZuX1N8AAAAJ:7PzlFSSx8tAC</text>
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                <text>Effect of spontaneous fermentation and amylase-rich flour on the nutritive value, functional and viscoelastic properties of cowpea-fortified nixtamalized maize</text>
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                <text>Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa, Philip Roger Aidoo, Randy Adjonu</text>
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                <text>Studies were conducted to evaluate the combined effects of spontaneous fermentation and amylase-rich flours (ARF) on some nutritive value, functional and viscoelastic properties of cowpea-fortified nixtamalized maize. A 2 × 3 × 3 factorial design, with fermentation medium, fermentation time and ARF level, was performed. The blends were fermented for the specific times and analysed for their titratable acidity, pH, water absorption capacity, viscoelastic properties, texture, protein and mineral content. Fermentation and ARF addition influenced titratable acidity, pH, water absorption, viscoelastic properties and texture of the cowpea-fortified nixtamalized maize. Addition of ARF decreased the viscoelastic properties, texture and pH of all the blends with a corresponding increase in acidity. Slight increases in protein and ash contents were noted with products fermented in coconut water, but ARF addition had only a …</text>
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                <text>Taylor &amp; Francis</text>
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                <text>2010</text>
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