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                <text>Analysing The Use of Subjunctive Mood Among University Students in Ghana</text>
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                <text>Michael Owusu Tabiri, Ivy Jones-Mensah</text>
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                <text>This is a qualitative study that analysed the problem of subjunctive mood in English among Level 400 students in two Ghanaian universities. The data used for the analysis comprised students’ written exercises. This study adopted the contrastive analysis to analyse common errors or learners’ difficulties in using subjunctive mood in English (L2). From this, a total of 1020 wrong use of subjunctive mood were identified. Four categories of wrong use of subjunctive mood expressing; a desire or a wish (weresubjunctive), wrong use of subjunctive mood expressing a requirement or necessity, wrong use of subjunctive mood expressing suggestions and wrong use of subjunctive mood expressing hypothetical situations were identified. The results show that the subjunctive mood expressing suggestions recorded the highest form of error with 360 out of 1020 representing 35% out of the total number followed by the subjunctive expressing a requirement or necessity which recorded 300 errors representing 29% while wrong use of subjunctive mood expressing a desire or a wish (were-subjunctive) and subjunctive mood expressing hypothetical situations recorded 180 errors for each of them depicting 18% respectively. The work seeks to uncover the difficulties students of English usually encounter in the use of subjunctive mood. The study revealed that students face difficulties of identifying and writing all the types of the subjunctive mood such as formulaic subjunctive, mandative subjunctive, were-subjunctive and words that express hypothetical situations or improbable condition (type 2) in English (L2). Based on the findings of the study, three main causes …</text>
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                <text>Difficulties in Identifying the English Determiner System among EFL Students in Ghana: The Case of Francophone Students.</text>
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                <text>The paper aims at discussing the difficulties that students from French speaking countries who are pursuing their education in a Ghanaian university face in identifying English determiners. This is a qualitative study that analysed the difficulties that level 100 Francophone students who have French as a Second Language(L2) and English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in a Ghanaian university face in identifying English determiners. The data used for the analysis comprised students' written exercises. The data gathered in the study were analysed qualitatively. The theoretical framework on which this research is based is article-focused theory which is discourse rule transfer propounded by Robertson (2000) as well as the semantic model developed by Huebner (1983), known as the "semantic wheel for noun phrase reference". The findings of the study depict that pre determiners, central determiners and post determiners were found in the data analysed. Central determiners recorded the</text>
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                <text>Pegem Academy Publishing and Educational Guidance Services TLC. Mesrutiyet Caddesi, No: 45, Ankara, Kizilay 06420, Turkey</text>
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                <text>English speaking anxiety among English-major tertiary students in Ghana</text>
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                <text>Daniel Arkoh Fenyi, Angel Edward Kongo, Michael Owusu Tabiri, Ivy Jones-Mensah</text>
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                <text>Lexical bundles in academic writing among ESL Law students in Ghana</text>
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                <text>Ivy Jones-Mensah, Michael Owusu Tabiri, Patience Calys-Tagoe, Joseph Kwame Ocloo, Dickson Amexo</text>
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                <text>The purpose of this study is to explore the complexity of the lexical bundles and/or formulaic patterns in Law texts, create a corpus of authentic formulaic patterns in law and propose a workable method for identifying and teaching the types and function of law lexical and formulaic bundles in the academic writing classroom. The study adopts corpus linguistic approach to investigate the patterns in the Law students’ texts. The study used 792,237 corpus size. The routine of the types and functions of formulaic patterns and the multiword in Law subject areas found on a virtual learning platform were analysed. This procedure revealed brief prevailing six-word lexical formulaic patterns from Law texts. The discussion from the outcome of this search for extensively used formulaic patterns in Law leads to a consideration of challenges in formulaic pattern or multiword patterns data into English for academic writing in the law discipline in tertiary institutions. The challenges lead to suggestions for the instructors in the law faculties to engage their students in working with word lists made up of formulaic categorisations in law. The study provided formulaic patterns that are particularly useful for lecturers and Law students in the academic writing classroom in the Law faculties.</text>
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                <text>Morphemic Patterns of Pharmaceutical Brand Names on The Ghanaian Market</text>
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                <text>AE Kongo, DA Fenyi, I Jones-Mensah, MO Tabiri</text>
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                <text>Purpose: This study aims to analyse the morphemic structures employed by pharmaceutical companies in naming medicine brand names and explore how these naming patterns reflect the brands' perceived effects on users.&#13;
Design/Methodology/Approach: Using the purposive sampling technique, the researchers sampled 1,000 medicine brand names fully registered under the Food and Drugs Authority (FDA) of Ghana and applied Katamba’s Lexical Morphology Theory to identify the morphemic structures used in composing these names.&#13;
Findings: The analysis revealed that the medicine brand names incorporate elements such as Generic Names (GN), Dosage Forms (DF), Manufacturers’ Names (MN), Local Representatives (LR), and Zero Criteria. Furthermore, the findings indicate that the morphemic patterns of medicine brand names on the Ghanaian market are structured mono-morphemically, incorporating coinages and borrowings, as well as di-morphemically and poly-morphemically, both of which involve blending and compounding word-formation processes.</text>
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                <text>This research work seeks to assess how computing, through teleconferencing could be used to contribute to the effectiveness of language teaching/learning in Africa, in general, and in Ghanaian universities, in particular through socio-cognitive and communicative language teaching approaches, explorative and investigative research. The study addresses the impact of French language on teaching/learning of English via teleconferencing teaching and learning in English. Language transfer has always occurred face-to-face delivery of teaching and learning but this research seeks to emphasise the results of learners’ performance through technology in didactics known as teleconferencing teaching and learning with the particular emphasis on errors committed. The study applies cognitive and socio-cognitive approaches to teaching/learning of languages via teleconferencing as well as using contrastive analysis to analyse common errors Francophone learners commit in English language (L3). It was discovered that the errors committed were due to language incompetence or perception blind spot or due to their background as francophone learners who have English language as L3, as well as overgeneralisation and wrong application of English structures. The paper stresses that language transfer or negative transfer either face-to-face teaching/learning or teleconferencing is concomitant of human existence, particularly in language teaching and learning.</text>
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                <text>Through investigative and explorative research, it was uncovered that same-sex marriage could be the surest way to check overpopulation and to annihilate mankind from the world. If people everywhere do not marry naturally (male and female union), by fifty years time, the whole world population will drastically dwindle, diminish and hence leading to abrupt usurpation and annihilation of human beings in the next one hundred and twenty (120) years.</text>
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                <text>Ivy Jones-Mensah, Michael Owusu Tabiri, Daniel Arkoh Fenyi</text>
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                <text>This paper investigates the relationship that exists in the linguistic gyration of the annual speeches delivered by Otumfo Osei Tutu and Osagyefo Amoatia Ofori Panyin, who are both paramount Ghanaian royal chiefs of the Ashanti Kingdom and the Akyem Abuakwa Kingdom respectively. Although these prominent chiefs have delivered several speeches on several times and occasions and at different places and settings, this study paid particular attention to and selected only speeches that they delivered in academic environments, specifically, in universities in Ghana. These annual speeches used for the study were therefore those that were delivered at the University of Professional Studies and University of Education, Winneba campuses respectively. The analysis of the data was done based on the Hallidayan’s Systemic Functional Linguistic approach. The analysis reveals the incorporation of the ideology and power in the language of the royal speeches of the two paramount chiefs in Ghana and its influence on the university administrations and communities. Subsequently, the modality metafunction showed that the chiefs selected modal verbs to affirm and fulfill the tasks given them. From the data, it is evident that the traditional rulers can use language to communicate their strength, capabilities on the political administration and education spheres on the university communities.</text>
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                <text>Economic development and environmental sustainability—the case of foreign direct investment effect on environmental pollution in China</text>
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                <text>Chen Haibo, Emmanuel Caesar Ayamba, Andrew Osei Agyemang, Stephen Owusu Afriyie, Aganda Oswin Anaba</text>
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                <text>This research reviews and analyses the environmental catastrophes in China with regard to its adherence of global environmental policies and practices. The research makes available evidence of the present policy regime and institutions, strategies for curbing emission, environmental legislations and regulations and measures to provide a sustainable environment for the present and future generations. This paper reviewed how the environment is affected by the emissions. The findings revealed that China adheres to global policies and practices. China also receives local and international support in terms of assistance in dealing with environmental challenges. It was also revealed that carbon dioxide was not included in the list of pollutants to be taxed by the environmental protection tax law. Furthermore, the government needs to be strict at the local and district levels in enforcing the law to ensure …</text>
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                <text>Teaching ESL listening skills in Ghanaian senior high schools: A study of agona west municipality</text>
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                <text>Kojo Fenyi, Ivy Jones-Mensah, Michael Owusu Tabiri, Emmanuel Owusu</text>
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                <text>Listening skill is one of the four important language competencies. However, it has not received the needed scholarly attention, not only in classroom pedagogy and curriculum planning but also in studies and researches in Applied Linguistics and Teaching English as Second Language. This study therefore attempts an investigation into the teaching and learning of listening skills in the language classroom in Ghana. It focuses on three issues in English as Second Language (ESL) listening comprehension; i) the strategies/methods for teaching listening skills, ii) the challenges for learning listening skills and iii) the ways to overcome the challenges. This descriptive qualitative study, having used two major instruments for data collection; observation and open-ended questionnaire, engaged 200 students and 7 teachers as the sample from selected Senior High Schools in the Agona West Municipality. The analysis of …</text>
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