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                <text>In 1991 and 1992, Kpandai and its environs in present-day Kpandai District in Northern Ghana were enmeshed in a violent inter-ethnic conflict between the Gonja and the Nawuri over allodial land rights. War broke out between the two ethnic groups in April 1991, June 1991 and May 1992. Prior to the conflict, many pre-emptive security measures were implemented to de-escalate the tension. The government also deplored a Police-Military Task Force to Kpandai and its environs to provide security disarm the combatants and maintain law and order. Similarly, measures were undertaken to de-escalate and bring an end to hostilities in the Salaga area when the conflict was extended to the vicinity in 1992 and 1994. The Police and Military peacekeepers showed professionalism as they remained neutral and used subtle measures such as firing warning shots to scare off combatants, disarming the warring factions, seizing arms, and dialoguing with the warring factions to bring an end to hostilities. Nevertheless, the peacekeepers found it difficult to contain, de-escalate and reduce the intensity of the conflict. This paper provides a perspective on security arrangements in the Nawuri-Gonja conflict. By assessing the security measures before, during and after the conflict, the paper argues that the measures were largely unsuccessful.</text>
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                <text>As computers become old and are discarded, it is imperative that they are effectively cleansed of all personal data. As the study showed, by using a simple data recovery software, remnant data can be retrieved from some disposed computer hard drives even after they have been formatted. If hard drives are not properly cleansed of data before they are discarded, individuals and organizations run the risk of having their information recovered and exploited by people with criminal intent. The study examined discarded computer hard drives obtained from some electronic waste dumpsites and other second hand computer dealers in Ghana, in an attempt to recover remnant information from them using a data recovery software. Out of 50 hard drives examined, 39 of them representing 78% contained identifiable individual information present in them. The results from this study indicated that most individuals and …</text>
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                <text>Jocelyn De Wever, Tibo De Coninck, Helena Everaert, Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa, Frauke Coppieters, Hayley Rottiers, Stephen Yaw Opoku, Samuel Lowor, Koen Dewettinck, Jo Vandesompele, Steve Lefever, Kathy Messens</text>
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                <text>To date, little attention has been paid to the genotypic plasticity and influence of the fermentation process on gene functions and biological processes in cacao beans. The primary tools for such analyses are gene expression studies with reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). While this is a well-appreciated technique, it is only reliable when considering the Minimum Information for Publication of Quantitative Real-Time PCR Experiments (MIQE) guidelines, which is unfortunately barely applied in plant sciences and non-existent in cacao-related studies. In this study, an appropriate from bean to RT-qPCR protocol was developed. In total, sixty-five candidate reference gene (RG) assays were validated. These assays were either adopted from literature (traditional “housekeeping” genes) or based on RNA-sequencing data (novel). After validation, three novel reference genes (SUGP1, NAP1, SGT1 …</text>
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